TY - JOUR
T1 - Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis gumD gene is essential, for EPS production and pathogenicity and enhances epiphytic survival on cassava (Manihot esculenta)
AU - Kemp, B P
AU - Horne, J
AU - Bryant, A
AU - Cooper, R M
N1 - ID number: ISI:000226440200006
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - Extracellular polysaccharide-defective (EPS−) mutants of the cassava blight pathogen, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, were created by targeted disruption of the biosynthetic gene gumD. Pathogenicity of mutants was severely attenuated. Two EPS− mutants infiltrated into the leaf apoplast, caused initial water-soaking and chlorosis but symptoms were confined to inoculated zones, whereas those of wild type I56 rapidly extended and developed into flaccidity. This pattern reflected failure of EPS− mutants to spread. In entire lobes the wild-type population exceeded by 200-fold that of EPS− mutants. Petioles injected with EPS− mutants remained symptomless, in contrast to severe wilting with I56. EPS conferred significant resistance to H2O2, known to be produced by cassava cells during the oxidative burst. At 1 h exposure to 1 mM peroxide, only 3% EPS− compared with 48% wild type cells survived. Also, EPS− mutants were more vulnerable to UV irradiation. These phenomena correlated with reduced epiphytic survival of EPS− following spray application. The requirement for EPS in pathogenicity and epiphytic fitness is considered.
AB - Extracellular polysaccharide-defective (EPS−) mutants of the cassava blight pathogen, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, were created by targeted disruption of the biosynthetic gene gumD. Pathogenicity of mutants was severely attenuated. Two EPS− mutants infiltrated into the leaf apoplast, caused initial water-soaking and chlorosis but symptoms were confined to inoculated zones, whereas those of wild type I56 rapidly extended and developed into flaccidity. This pattern reflected failure of EPS− mutants to spread. In entire lobes the wild-type population exceeded by 200-fold that of EPS− mutants. Petioles injected with EPS− mutants remained symptomless, in contrast to severe wilting with I56. EPS conferred significant resistance to H2O2, known to be produced by cassava cells during the oxidative burst. At 1 h exposure to 1 mM peroxide, only 3% EPS− compared with 48% wild type cells survived. Also, EPS− mutants were more vulnerable to UV irradiation. These phenomena correlated with reduced epiphytic survival of EPS− following spray application. The requirement for EPS in pathogenicity and epiphytic fitness is considered.
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2004.08.007
U2 - 10.1016/j.pmpp.2004.08.007
DO - 10.1016/j.pmpp.2004.08.007
M3 - Article
SN - 0885-5765
VL - 64
SP - 209
EP - 218
JO - Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology
JF - Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology
IS - 4
ER -