Wolf-deer interactions: a mathematical model

Field studies done in northeastern Minnesota indicate that stable wolf (Canis lupus) territories exist separated by buffer regions in which white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) density is greatest. We present a mathematical model to describe this interaction based on simple movement rules for the wolf population and basic predation dynamics. Solutions suggest that pack social requirements to care for the young set up differential predation rates causing segregation of high deer and wolf densities. More interestingly, they also suggest that the predator-prey interaction may play an important role in segregating and maintaining the territories.