Using metaphors critically and reflexively in empirical organizational research

This chapter addresses the metaphors that guide our thinking and our practices in research. It suggests that a critical and reflexive approach to underlying metaphors in various parts of the research process may increase awareness and considerations of alternative ways of thinking about and doing empirical research. The chapter identifies and discusses different metaphors used by researchers. It also highlights common and less common metaphors of the key elements of the research process: literature review and theory; design and method; and analysis and writing. Finally, the chapter provides some guidelines for how to use metaphors in research in more creative ways.