Tsunami wave characteristics in Sendai Bay, Japan, following the 2016 Mw 6.9 Fukushima earthquake

An Chi Cheng; Anawat Suppasri; Mohammad Heidarzadeh; Bruno Adriano; Constance Ting Chua; Fumihiko Imamura

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115676

Tsunami wave characteristics in Sendai Bay, Japan, following the 2016 Mw 6.9 Fukushima earthquake

An Chi Cheng, Anawat Suppasri, Mohammad Heidarzadeh, Bruno Adriano, Constance Ting Chua, Fumihiko Imamura

Tohoku University

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Abstract

On 21 November 2016, a Mw 6.9 intraplate earthquake occurred off the Fukushima coast in Japan, triggering a moderate-size tsunami with amplifications and long oscillations along the Sendai Bay coast. Here, we apply a hybrid approach to hindcast the wave characteristics in the Sendai Bay during the 2016 tsunami event, by analyzing coastal tide records, spectral analyses, and tsunami simulations. Our analysis shows that tsunami wave on tide stations mainly carried wave periods of 3.8–22.5 min, triggered by source periods of 18.5–22.5 min. The long oscillation in Sendai Bay was due to longer period of >28.8 min, affected by the presence of edge waves and oscillation of Sendai Bay. High-energy wave was found to be significant in most oscillation periods inside the Sendai Bay and around the Oshika Peninsula. The spatial distribution of maximum spectral and simulated tsunami amplitudes also reveal that the radiated tsunami energy was entrapped in the nearshore areas, resulting in resonance amplifications in the Sendai Bay.

Original language	English
Article number	115676
Number of pages	17
Journal	Ocean Engineering
Volume	287
Issue number	Part 1
Early online date	4 Sept 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115676
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The tide gauge tsunami records were provided by Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html). The topographic and bathymetric data employed for tsunami simulation was obtained from a previous study (Suppasri et al. 2022), which adopted the original data from Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) (https://www.gsi.go.jp/kankyochiri/Laser_demimage.html). The figure drafts and data analysis were conducted by using the Python package (https://www.python.org/). Special thanks also go to Editor-in-Chief (Prof. Atilla Incecik) and two anonymous reviewers for review comments and suggestions.

Funding

The tide gauge tsunami records were provided by Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html). The topographic and bathymetric data employed for tsunami simulation was obtained from a previous study (Suppasri et al. 2022), which adopted the original data from Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) (https://www.gsi.go.jp/kankyochiri/Laser_demimage.html). The figure drafts and data analysis were conducted by using the Python package (https://www.python.org/). Special thanks also go to Editor-in-Chief (Prof. Atilla Incecik) and two anonymous reviewers for review comments and suggestions.

Keywords

Earthquake
Fukushima
Japan
Numerical modelling
Spectral analysis
Tsunami

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering
Ocean Engineering

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10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115676

OE-revised-manuscript-finalAccepted author manuscript, 8.8 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "Tsunami wave characteristics in Sendai Bay, Japan, following the 2016 Mw 6.9 Fukushima earthquake",

abstract = "On 21 November 2016, a Mw 6.9 intraplate earthquake occurred off the Fukushima coast in Japan, triggering a moderate-size tsunami with amplifications and long oscillations along the Sendai Bay coast. Here, we apply a hybrid approach to hindcast the wave characteristics in the Sendai Bay during the 2016 tsunami event, by analyzing coastal tide records, spectral analyses, and tsunami simulations. Our analysis shows that tsunami wave on tide stations mainly carried wave periods of 3.8–22.5 min, triggered by source periods of 18.5–22.5 min. The long oscillation in Sendai Bay was due to longer period of >28.8 min, affected by the presence of edge waves and oscillation of Sendai Bay. High-energy wave was found to be significant in most oscillation periods inside the Sendai Bay and around the Oshika Peninsula. The spatial distribution of maximum spectral and simulated tsunami amplitudes also reveal that the radiated tsunami energy was entrapped in the nearshore areas, resulting in resonance amplifications in the Sendai Bay.",

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note = "Funding Information: The tide gauge tsunami records were provided by Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html). The topographic and bathymetric data employed for tsunami simulation was obtained from a previous study (Suppasri et al. 2022), which adopted the original data from Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) (https://www.gsi.go.jp/kankyochiri/Laser_demimage.html). The figure drafts and data analysis were conducted by using the Python package (https://www.python.org/). Special thanks also go to Editor-in-Chief (Prof. Atilla Incecik) and two anonymous reviewers for review comments and suggestions. ",

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AU - Chua, Constance Ting

AU - Imamura, Fumihiko

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N2 - On 21 November 2016, a Mw 6.9 intraplate earthquake occurred off the Fukushima coast in Japan, triggering a moderate-size tsunami with amplifications and long oscillations along the Sendai Bay coast. Here, we apply a hybrid approach to hindcast the wave characteristics in the Sendai Bay during the 2016 tsunami event, by analyzing coastal tide records, spectral analyses, and tsunami simulations. Our analysis shows that tsunami wave on tide stations mainly carried wave periods of 3.8–22.5 min, triggered by source periods of 18.5–22.5 min. The long oscillation in Sendai Bay was due to longer period of >28.8 min, affected by the presence of edge waves and oscillation of Sendai Bay. High-energy wave was found to be significant in most oscillation periods inside the Sendai Bay and around the Oshika Peninsula. The spatial distribution of maximum spectral and simulated tsunami amplitudes also reveal that the radiated tsunami energy was entrapped in the nearshore areas, resulting in resonance amplifications in the Sendai Bay.

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Tsunami wave characteristics in Sendai Bay, Japan, following the 2016 Mw 6.9 Fukushima earthquake

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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