TY - JOUR
T1 - Trends in the use of cannabis products in Canada and the USA, 2018 - 2020
T2 - Findings from the International Cannabis Policy Study
AU - Hammond, David
AU - Goodman, Samantha
AU - Wadsworth, Elle
AU - Freeman, Tom P.
AU - Kilmer, Beau
AU - Schauer, Gillian
AU - Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo
AU - Hall, Wayne
N1 - Funding for this study was provided by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Project Bridge
Grant (PJT-153342) and a CIHR Project Grant (DH). Additional support was provided by a Public Health
Agency of Canada-CIHR Chair in Applied Public Health (DH).
PY - 2022/7/31
Y1 - 2022/7/31
N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is little information on consumption patterns across the diverse range of cannabis product types. This paper examines trends in consumption patterns in Canada and the United States (US) between 2018-2020. DESIGN: Repeat cross-sectional surveys were conducted as part of the International Cannabis Policy Study online survey in 2018 (n=27,024), 2019 (n=45,426), and 2020 (n=45,180). SETTING: Respondents were recruited from commercial panels in Canada and US states that had and had not legalized non-medical cannabis (US 'legal' and 'illegal' states, respectively). PARTICIPANTS: Respondents were male and female participants aged 16-65 years. MEASUREMENTS: Data on frequency and consumption amounts were collected for nine types of cannabis products, including dried flower and processed products (e.g., oils and concentrates). Consumers were also asked about mixing cannabis with tobacco. Socio-demographic information was collected. FINDINGS: Dried flower was the most commonly used product, although use in the past 12 months declined between 2018 and 2020 in Canada (81% to 73%), US legal (78% to 72%) and illegal states (81% to 76%; p<0.05 for all). Prevalence of past 12-month use increased for virtually all other product forms, although prevalence of daily use remained stable across years. In 2020, edibles and vape oils were the most commonly used products after flower. Use of non-flower products was highest in US legal states, although similar trends were observed in all jurisdictions. Males were more likely to report using processed products, and vape oils were the most commonly processed product among 16-20-year-olds. Daily use of cannabis flower increased in US legal and illegal states, and average joint size increased across all jurisdictions over time. CONCLUSIONS: Dried flower remains the dominant product in Canada and the US; however, use of processed cannabis products has increased, with the largest increases observed in legal cannabis markets.
AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is little information on consumption patterns across the diverse range of cannabis product types. This paper examines trends in consumption patterns in Canada and the United States (US) between 2018-2020. DESIGN: Repeat cross-sectional surveys were conducted as part of the International Cannabis Policy Study online survey in 2018 (n=27,024), 2019 (n=45,426), and 2020 (n=45,180). SETTING: Respondents were recruited from commercial panels in Canada and US states that had and had not legalized non-medical cannabis (US 'legal' and 'illegal' states, respectively). PARTICIPANTS: Respondents were male and female participants aged 16-65 years. MEASUREMENTS: Data on frequency and consumption amounts were collected for nine types of cannabis products, including dried flower and processed products (e.g., oils and concentrates). Consumers were also asked about mixing cannabis with tobacco. Socio-demographic information was collected. FINDINGS: Dried flower was the most commonly used product, although use in the past 12 months declined between 2018 and 2020 in Canada (81% to 73%), US legal (78% to 72%) and illegal states (81% to 76%; p<0.05 for all). Prevalence of past 12-month use increased for virtually all other product forms, although prevalence of daily use remained stable across years. In 2020, edibles and vape oils were the most commonly used products after flower. Use of non-flower products was highest in US legal states, although similar trends were observed in all jurisdictions. Males were more likely to report using processed products, and vape oils were the most commonly processed product among 16-20-year-olds. Daily use of cannabis flower increased in US legal and illegal states, and average joint size increased across all jurisdictions over time. CONCLUSIONS: Dried flower remains the dominant product in Canada and the US; however, use of processed cannabis products has increased, with the largest increases observed in legal cannabis markets.
KW - Canada
KW - Cannabis
KW - Consumption
KW - Marijuana
KW - Substance policy
KW - USA
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133103170&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103716
DO - 10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103716
M3 - Article
C2 - 35613480
AN - SCOPUS:85133103170
SN - 1873-4758
VL - 105
SP - 103716
JO - The International journal on drug policy
JF - The International journal on drug policy
M1 - 103716
ER -
