Theoretical Study on the Piezoelectric Performance of Lead-Free 1–3-Type Composites

Vitaly Yu Topolov, Christopher R. Bowen, Ashura N. Isaeva, Alexander A. Panich

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Abstract

The paper is devoted to the analysis of high-performance piezo-composites based on lead-free ferroelectric single crystals. The composite consists of parallelepiped-shaped single-crystal rods which are surrounded by a laminar polymer matrix, and the composite as a whole is described by 1–2–2 connectivity. Such a composite structure promotes high piezoelectric sensitivity and hydrostatic response. Of particular interest are piezoelectric coefficients g*33 and h*33, squared figure of merit d*33 g*33, electromechanical coupling factor k*t at the thickness-mode oscillation, and hydrostatic parameters g*h and d*h g*h. The influence of the laminar matrix on the aforementioned parameters is studied in a wide volume-fraction range. Examples of maxima and large anisotropy of some effective parameters are discussed for the 1–2–2 composites based on [Lix(K1−yNay)1−x](Nb1−zTaz)O3:Mn single crystals. The role of elastic properties of the laminar matrix in achieving large hydrostatic parameters and piezoelectric anisotropy of these composites is emphasised. Their effective parameters are compared to those of composites based on the lead-containing relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals and to specific parameters of poled textured ceramics. Advantages of the studied composites over the relaxor-ferroelectric-based composites and textured ceramics open up new possibilities to apply the 1–3-type lead-free composites as active elements of piezoelectric sensors, hydrophones, energy-harvesting, and transducer devices.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1700548
JournalPhysica Status Solidi (A)
Volume215
Issue number1
Early online date7 Nov 2017
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2018

Funding

The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. A. E. Panich and Prof. Dr. A. A. Nesterov (Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia) for their continuing interest in the research problems. Prof. Dr. C. R. Bowen would like to acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ ERC Grant Agreement no. 320963 on Novel Energy Materials, Engineering Science and Integrated Systems (NEMESIS). In the present paper, the results on the research project No. 11.1627.2017/4.6 PCh have been represented within the framework of the state task in the scientific activity area at the Southern Federal University, and Prof. Dr. V. Yu. Topolov acknowledges funding with thanks. This research has been performed using the equipment of the Centre of Collective Use ‘High Technologies’ at the Southern Federal University.

Keywords

  • anisotropy
  • lead-free components
  • piezo-active composite
  • piezoelectric coefficient
  • sensitivity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Surfaces and Interfaces
  • Surfaces, Coatings and Films
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering
  • Materials Chemistry

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