Abstract
In recent years, the T-A formulation has emerged as an efficient approach for modelling the electromagnetic behaviour of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) tapes in the form of coated conductors (CCs). HTS CCs are characterized by an extremely large width-to-thickness ratio of the superconducting layer, normally up to 1000 ∼6000, which in general leads to a very large number of degrees of freedom. The T-A formulation considers the superconducting layer to be infinitely thin. The magnetic vector potential A is used to calculate the magnetic field distribution in all simulated domains. The current vector potential T is used to calculate the current density in the superconducting layer, which is a material simulated with a highly nonlinear power-law resistivity. This article presents a review of the T-A formulation. First, the governing equations are described in detail for different cases (2D and 3D, cartesian and cylindrical coordinates). Then, the literature on the implementation of T-A formulation for simulating applications ranging from simple tape assemblies to high field magnets is reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of this approach are also discussed.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 043003 |
Journal | Superconductor Science and Technology |
Volume | 35 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 2 Feb 2022 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the COST Action CA19108 ‘High-Temperature SuperConductivity for AcceLerating the Energy Transition’ (Hi-SCALE).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Keywords
- HTS modelling
- T-A formulation
- electromagnetic behaviour
- large-scale application
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ceramics and Composites
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Metals and Alloys
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Materials Chemistry