Abstract
Extending licensed drug use to the pediatric population has become an essential part of the drug development process. Nonetheless, ethical concerns limit clinical testing in pediatric populations and data collected from oral bioavailability and food effect studies in adults are often extrapolated to the target pediatric (sub)populations. However, based on published information, food effects on drug absorption in infants may not be adequately evaluated by data collected in adults. In the present study, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) approach for modeling paracetamol suspension data collected in adults was proposed with the ultimate aim to investigate whether extrapolation to infants is substantially affected by the dosing conditions applied to adults. The development of the PBPK model for adults was performed using GastroPlus™ V9.7, and after scaling to infants considering physiological, anatomical, and drug clearance changes, extrapolation of the different dosing conditions was performed by applying dosing conditions dependent on changes on the paracetamol gastric emptying process. Successful simulations of previously observed plasma concentration levels in infants were achieved when extrapolating from fasted and infant formula–fed conditions data. Data collected following the reference meal appeared less useful for simulating paracetamol suspension performance in infants. The proposed methodology deserves further evaluation using high-quality clinical data both in adults and in infants.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 126 |
Journal | AAPS Journal |
Volume | 22 |
Issue number | 6 |
Early online date | 30 Sept 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Nov 2020 |
Keywords
- food effect
- infants
- oral absorption
- paracetamol
- physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmaceutical Science