STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2021: GLOBAL CLIMATE

Funding

David Fereday was supported by the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme funded by BEIS. Kate Willett was supported by the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme funded by BEIS and Defra. Stephen Blenkinsop is supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded FUTURE-STORMS project, grant no. NE/R01079X/1. Debbie Hemming acknowledges support from the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme funded by BEIS and the Met Office Climate Service on Food, Farming and Natural Environment funded by Defra, and thanks all co-authors for their interesting and helpful contributions and Robert Dunn for his expertise finalizing the figures for this section. Rock glacier monitoring at Hinteres Langtalkar and Dösen rock glaciers (AT) is supported by the Hohe Tauern National Park Carinthia through its long-term permafrost monitoring program. This work is funded in part by NOAA’s Climate Data Record (CDR) Program at the National Centers for Environmental Information. Adrian Simmons and David Lavers were supported by the Copernicus Climate Change Service implemented by ECMWF on behalf of the European Commission. Tim Osborn received funding from UK NERC (NE/S015582/1). Ian Harris received funding from UK National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS). The research presented in the drought section was carried out on the High Performance Computing Cluster supported by the Research and Specialist Computing Support service at the University of East Anglia. Lake surface water temperatures from satellite data have been generated within the GloboLakes project funded by the UK National Environment Research Council (NE/J023345/2), with extensions funded by the EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) programme. Laurichard (FR) survey is supported by CryobsClim “long-term Observation and Experimentation System for Environmental Research” (SOERE/All’envi-OZCAR Research Infrastructure) and the PermaFrance observatory “monitoring the mountain permafrost in the French Alps” as well as French National Research Agency in the framework of the Investissements d’Avenir programs: Risk@UGA (ANR-15-IDEX-02) and LabEx OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56). The Ecrins National Park helps field surveys since the early 2000s. Freya Aldred, Robert Dunn, and Kate Willett were supported by the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Taejin Park acknowledges support from the NASA Earth Science Directorate (grants NNX16AO34H and 80NSSC18K0173-CMS). Andrew Richardson acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the Macrosys-tems Biology (award 1702697) and LTER (award 1832210) programs. John O’Keefe also acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the LTER (award 1832210) program. Nature’s Calendar (Woodland Trust) in the UK thanks all its volunteer recorders and support from players of People’s Postcode Lottery. De Natuurkalender (Nature’s Calendar) program in the Netherlands thanks all the volunteers and school children in the GLOBE program for their many observations. Annette Menzel and Ye Yuan acknowledge support from the Bavarian State Ministry of Science and the Arts in the context of the Bavarian Climate Research Network (BayKlif) (BAYSICS project - Bavarian Citizen Science Portal for Climate Research and Science Communication). Orlane Anneville acknowledges support from INRAE. Stephen Thackeray thanks Werner Eckert, Heidrun Feuchtmayr, Shin-Ichiro Matsuzaki, Linda May, Ryuichiro Shinohara, Jan-Erik Thrane, Piet Verburg, Tamar Zohary, and all field and lab workers associated with the provision of the lake chlorophyll-a data. We acknowledge funding from Vassdragsforbundet for Mjøsa med tilløpselver (https://www.vassdrags-forbundet.no/om-oss/) and Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Data for Lakes Geneva and Bourget were contributed by The Observatory on LAkes (OLA), © SOERE OLA-IS, AnaEE-France, INRAE of Thonon-les-Bains, CIPEL, CISALB. Work performed by Stephen Po-Chedley at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) was supported by the Regional and Global Model Analysis Program of the Office of Science at the Department of Energy and performed under the auspices of the DOE under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by the ESA Climate Change Initiative Soil Moisture project. R. Junod was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0019296). This research has been supported by the NASA CERES project. The NASA Langley Atmospheric Sciences Data Center processed the instantaneous Single Scanner Footprint (SSF) data used as input to EBAF Ed4.1 and processes the FLASHFlux TISA version 4A. M. Rodell and D. Wiese were supported by NASA’s GRACE-FO Science Team. They also thank the German Space Operations Center of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) for providing The time series for the Dry Andes was supported by the Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Ári-das (CEAZA) and the Leading House for the Latin American Region (University of St. Gallen), grant number MOB1829. The Swiss Permafrost Monitoring Network PERMOS is financially supported by MeteoSwiss in the frame-work of GCOS Switzerland, the Federal Office for the Environment, and the Swiss Academy of Sciences, and acknowledges the important contribution of its partner institutions and principal investigators. The French Network PermaFRANCE is financially supported by the Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers Grenoble and the French Research Infrastructure OZCAR. The research on James Ross Island is supported by Czech Antarctic Research Programme and Czech Science Foundation project (22-28659M). C. Azorin-Molina was supported by CSIC-UV-GVA and funded by RTI2018-095749-A-I00, AICO/2021/023, Leonardo-FBBVA and the CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform PTI-CLIMA. R. J. H. Dunn was supported by the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme funded by BEIS. L. Ricciardulli was supported by NASA Ocean Vector Wind Science Team grant 80HQTR19C0003. We thank Alexander Mills, Huaxia Yao, Lars Rudstam, Mr. Miyasaka, Ichiro Matsuzaki, Greg Sass, Don Pierson, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research Network, and citizen scientist contributors from the Community Lake Ice Collaboration for providing ice phenology records for their local lakes each winter. Funding was provided by Natural Sciences Engineering and Research Council Discovery Grant to S. Sharma. T. Nõges was supported by the Estonian Environment Agency and Estonian Research Council project PRG709.