State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies

Maddy L. Dyer; Alexander G. Board; Lee Hogarth; Steph F. Suddell; Jon E. Heron; Matthew Hickman; Marcus R. Munafò; Angela S. Attwood

doi:10.1177/0269881120940913

State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies

Maddy L. Dyer, Alexander G. Board, Lee Hogarth, Steph F. Suddell, Jon E. Heron, Matthew Hickman, Marcus R. Munafò, Angela S. Attwood

Vice Chancellor's Office

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

Background: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO₂) challenge.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships.

Methods: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO₂ challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings.

Results: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p <.001, η_p² =.29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p =.076, η_p² =.06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p =.013, η_p² =.11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p =.655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p =.852).

Conclusions: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1237-1249
Number of pages	13
Journal	Journal of Psychopharmacology
Volume	34
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940913
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2020

Funding

The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the MRC Addiction Research Clinical Training Programme (MARC), the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (MRC IEU) at the University of Bristol (MC_UU_00011/7), and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health and Social Care.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

7.5% carbon dioxide
7.5% CO
alcohol choice
alcohol craving
alcohol use
cognitive bias
drinking motives
drinking to cope
State anxiety

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pharmacology
Psychiatry and Mental health
Pharmacology (medical)

Access to Document

10.1177/0269881120940913Licence: CC BY-NC

Cite this

@article{763a1320b81e438c97acad8e77542d9c,

title = "State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies",

abstract = "Background: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5\% carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge. Aims: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. Methods: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5\% CO2 challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. Results: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p <.001, ηp2 =.29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p =.076, ηp2 =.06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p =.013, ηp2 =.11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p =.655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p =.852). Conclusions: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.",

keywords = "7.5\% carbon dioxide, 7.5\% CO, alcohol choice, alcohol craving, alcohol use, cognitive bias, drinking motives, drinking to cope, State anxiety",

author = "Dyer, \{Maddy L.\} and Board, \{Alexander G.\} and Lee Hogarth and Suddell, \{Steph F.\} and Heron, \{Jon E.\} and Matthew Hickman and Munaf{\`o}, \{Marcus R.\} and Attwood, \{Angela S.\}",

year = "2020",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1177/0269881120940913",

language = "English",

volume = "34",

pages = "1237--1249",

journal = "Journal of Psychopharmacology",

issn = "0269-8811",

publisher = "SAGE Publications Ltd",

number = "11",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - State anxiety and alcohol choice

T2 - Evidence from experimental and online observational studies

AU - Dyer, Maddy L.

AU - Board, Alexander G.

AU - Hogarth, Lee

AU - Suddell, Steph F.

AU - Heron, Jon E.

AU - Hickman, Matthew

AU - Munafò, Marcus R.

AU - Attwood, Angela S.

PY - 2020/11/1

Y1 - 2020/11/1

N2 - Background: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge. Aims: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. Methods: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO2 challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. Results: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p <.001, ηp2 =.29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p =.076, ηp2 =.06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p =.013, ηp2 =.11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p =.655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p =.852). Conclusions: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.

AB - Background: Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge. Aims: We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships. Methods: We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO2 challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (ns = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings. Results: In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice (p <.001, ηp2 =.29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker (p =.076, ηp2 =.06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect (p =.013, ηp2 =.11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice (b = 0.05, p =.655), or a moderating role of DTC (b = 0.01, p =.852). Conclusions: Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.

KW - 7.5% carbon dioxide

KW - 7.5% CO

KW - alcohol choice

KW - alcohol craving

KW - alcohol use

KW - cognitive bias

KW - drinking motives

KW - drinking to cope

KW - State anxiety

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85089234479

U2 - 10.1177/0269881120940913

DO - 10.1177/0269881120940913

M3 - Article

C2 - 32854598

AN - SCOPUS:85089234479

SN - 0269-8811

VL - 34

SP - 1237

EP - 1249

JO - Journal of Psychopharmacology

JF - Journal of Psychopharmacology

IS - 11

ER -

State anxiety and alcohol choice: Evidence from experimental and online observational studies

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this