Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548

P. R. Williams; A. Pancoast; T. Treu; B. J. Brewer; B. M. Peterson; A. J. Barth; M. A. Malkan; G. De Rosa; Keith Horne; G. A. Kriss; N. Arav; M. C. Bentz; E. M. Cackett; E. Dalla Bontà; M. Dehghanian; C. Done; G. J. Ferland; C. J. Grier; J. Kaastra; E. Kara; C. S. Kochanek; S. Mathur; M. Mehdipour; R. W. Pogge; D. Proga; M. Vestergaard; T. Waters; S. M. Adams; M. D. Anderson; P. Arévalo; T. G. Beatty; V. N. Bennert; A. Bigley; S. Bisogni; G. A. Borman; T. A. Boroson; M. C. Bottorff; W. N. Brandt; A. A. Breeveld; M. Brotherton; J. E. Brown; J. S. Brown; G. Canalizo; M. T. Carini; K. I. Clubb; J. M. Comerford; E. M. Corsini; D. M. Crenshaw; S. Croft; K. V. Croxall; A. J. Deason; A. De Lorenzo-Cáceres; K. D. Denney; M. Dietrich; R. Edelson; N. V. Efimova; J. Ely; P. A. Evans; M. M. Fausnaugh; A. V. Filippenko; K. Flatland; O. D. Fox; E. Gardner; E. L. Gates; N. Gehrels; S. Geier; J. M. Gelbord; L. Gonzalez; V. Gorjian; J. E. Greene; D. Grupe; A. Gupta; P. B. Hall; C. B. Henderson; S. Hicks; E. Holmbeck; T. W. -S. Holoien; T. Hutchison; M. Im; J. J. Jensen; C. A. Johnson; M. D. Joner; J. Jones; S. Kaspi; P. L. Kelly; J. A. Kennea; M. Kim; S. Kim; S. C. Kim; A. King; S. A. Klimanov; C. Knigge; Y. Krongold; M. W. Lau; J. C. Lee; D. C. Leonard; Miao Li; P. Lira; C. Lochhaas; Zhiyuan Ma; E. R. Manne-Nicholas; F. MacInnis; J. C. Mauerhan; R. McGurk; I. M. Mc Hardy; C. Montuori; L. Morelli; A. Mosquera; D. Mudd; F. Müller-Sánchez; S. V. Nazarov; R. P. Norris; J. A. Nousek; M. L. Nguyen; P. Ochner; D. N. Okhmat; I. Papadakis; J. R. Parks; L. Pei; M. T. Penny; A. Pizzella; R. Poleski; J. -U. Pott; S. E. Rafter; H. -W. Rix; J. Runnoe; D. A. Saylor; J. S. Schimoia; B. Scott; S. G. Sergeev; B. J. Shappee; I. Shivvers; M. Siegel; G. V. Simonian; A. Siviero; A. Skielboe; G. Somers; M. Spencer; D. Starkey; D. J. Stevens; H. -I. Sung; J. Tayar; N. Tejos; C. S. Turner; P. Uttley; J. Van Saders; S. A. Vaughan; L. Vican; S. Villanueva Jr; C. Villforth; Y. Weiss; J. -H. Woo; H. Yan; S. Young; H. Yuk; W. Zheng; W. Zhu; Y. Zu

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7

Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548

P. R. Williams, A. Pancoast, T. Treu, B. J. Brewer, B. M. Peterson, A. J. Barth, M. A. Malkan, G. De Rosa, Keith Horne, G. A. Kriss, N. Arav, M. C. Bentz, E. M. Cackett, E. Dalla Bontà, M. Dehghanian, C. Done, G. J. Ferland, C. J. Grier, J. Kaastra, E. KaraC. S. Kochanek, S. Mathur, M. Mehdipour, R. W. Pogge, D. Proga, M. Vestergaard, T. Waters, S. M. Adams, M. D. Anderson, P. Arévalo, T. G. Beatty, V. N. Bennert, A. Bigley, S. Bisogni, G. A. Borman, T. A. Boroson, M. C. Bottorff, W. N. Brandt, A. A. Breeveld, M. Brotherton, J. E. Brown, J. S. Brown, G. Canalizo, M. T. Carini, K. I. Clubb, J. M. Comerford, E. M. Corsini, D. M. Crenshaw, S. Croft, K. V. Croxall, A. J. Deason, A. De Lorenzo-Cáceres, K. D. Denney, M. Dietrich, R. Edelson, N. V. Efimova, J. Ely, P. A. Evans, M. M. Fausnaugh, A. V. Filippenko, K. Flatland, O. D. Fox, E. Gardner, E. L. Gates, N. Gehrels, S. Geier, J. M. Gelbord, L. Gonzalez, V. Gorjian, J. E. Greene, D. Grupe, A. Gupta, P. B. Hall, C. B. Henderson, S. Hicks, E. Holmbeck, T. W. -S. Holoien, T. Hutchison, M. Im, J. J. Jensen, C. A. Johnson, M. D. Joner, J. Jones, S. Kaspi, P. L. Kelly, J. A. Kennea, M. Kim, S. Kim, S. C. Kim, A. King, S. A. Klimanov, C. Knigge, Y. Krongold, M. W. Lau, J. C. Lee, D. C. Leonard, Miao Li, P. Lira, C. Lochhaas, Zhiyuan Ma, E. R. Manne-Nicholas, F. MacInnis, J. C. Mauerhan, R. McGurk, I. M. Mc Hardy, C. Montuori, L. Morelli, A. Mosquera, D. Mudd, F. Müller-Sánchez, S. V. Nazarov, R. P. Norris, J. A. Nousek, M. L. Nguyen, P. Ochner, D. N. Okhmat, I. Papadakis, J. R. Parks, L. Pei, M. T. Penny, A. Pizzella, R. Poleski, J. -U. Pott, S. E. Rafter, H. -W. Rix, J. Runnoe, D. A. Saylor, J. S. Schimoia, B. Scott, S. G. Sergeev, B. J. Shappee, I. Shivvers, M. Siegel, G. V. Simonian, A. Siviero, A. Skielboe, G. Somers, M. Spencer, D. Starkey, D. J. Stevens, H. -I. Sung, J. Tayar, N. Tejos, C. S. Turner, P. Uttley, J. Van Saders, S. A. Vaughan, L. Vican, S. Villanueva Jr, C. Villforth, Y. Weiss, J. -H. Woo, H. Yan, S. Young, H. Yuk, W. Zheng, W. Zhu, Y. Zu

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Abstract

We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region for the multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The dataset includes photometric and spectroscopic monitoring in the optical and ultraviolet, covering the H$\beta$, C IV, and Ly$\alpha$ broad emission lines. We find an extended disk-like H$\beta$ BLR with a mixture of near-circular and outflowing gas trajectories, while the C IV and Ly$\alpha$ BLRs are much less extended and resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure in the BLR, with C IV and Ly$\alpha$ emission arising at smaller radii than the H$\beta$ emission. Using the three lines, we make three independent black hole mass measurements, all of which are consistent. Combining these results gives a joint inference of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/M_\odot) = 7.64^{+0.21}_{-0.18}$. We examine the effect of using the $V$ band instead of the UV continuum light curve on the results and find a size difference that is consistent with the measured UV-optical time lag, but the other structural and kinematic parameters remain unchanged, suggesting that the $V$ band is a suitable proxy for the ionizing continuum when exploring the BLR structure and kinematics. Finally, we compare the H$\beta$ results to similar models of data obtained in 2008 when the AGN was at a lower luminosity state. We find that the size of the emitting region increased during this time period, but the geometry and black hole mass remain unchanged, which confirms that the BLR kinematics suitably gauge the gravitational field of the central black hole.

Original language	English
Journal	The Astrophysical Journal
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2020

Bibliographical note

26 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ

Keywords

astro-ph.GA

Access to Document

10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7

2010.00594v1

Cite this

Williams, P. R., Pancoast, A., Treu, T., Brewer, B. J., Peterson, B. M., Barth, A. J., Malkan, M. A., Rosa, G. D., Horne, K., Kriss, G. A., Arav, N., Bentz, M. C., Cackett, E. M., Bontà, E. D., Dehghanian, M., Done, C., Ferland, G. J., Grier, C. J., Kaastra, J., ... Zu, Y. (2020). Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7

Williams, PR, Pancoast, A, Treu, T, Brewer, BJ, Peterson, BM, Barth, AJ, Malkan, MA, Rosa, GD, Horne, K, Kriss, GA, Arav, N, Bentz, MC, Cackett, EM, Bontà, ED, Dehghanian, M, Done, C, Ferland, GJ, Grier, CJ, Kaastra, J, Kara, E, Kochanek, CS, Mathur, S, Mehdipour, M, Pogge, RW, Proga, D, Vestergaard, M, Waters, T, Adams, SM, Anderson, MD, Arévalo, P, Beatty, TG, Bennert, VN, Bigley, A, Bisogni, S, Borman, GA, Boroson, TA, Bottorff, MC, Brandt, WN, Breeveld, AA, Brotherton, M, Brown, JE, Brown, JS, Canalizo, G, Carini, MT, Clubb, KI, Comerford, JM, Corsini, EM, Crenshaw, DM, Croft, S, Croxall, KV, Deason, AJ, Lorenzo-Cáceres, AD, Denney, KD, Dietrich, M, Edelson, R, Efimova, NV, Ely, J, Evans, PA, Fausnaugh, MM, Filippenko, AV, Flatland, K, Fox, OD, Gardner, E, Gates, EL, Gehrels, N, Geier, S, Gelbord, JM, Gonzalez, L, Gorjian, V, Greene, JE, Grupe, D, Gupta, A, Hall, PB, Henderson, CB, Hicks, S, Holmbeck, E, Holoien, TW-S, Hutchison, T, Im, M, Jensen, JJ, Johnson, CA, Joner, MD, Jones, J, Kaspi, S, Kelly, PL, Kennea, JA, Kim, M, Kim, S, Kim, SC, King, A, Klimanov, SA, Knigge, C, Krongold, Y, Lau, MW, Lee, JC, Leonard, DC, Li, M, Lira, P, Lochhaas, C, Ma, Z, Manne-Nicholas, ER, MacInnis, F, Mauerhan, JC, McGurk, R, Hardy, IMM, Montuori, C, Morelli, L, Mosquera, A, Mudd, D, Müller-Sánchez, F, Nazarov, SV, Norris, RP, Nousek, JA, Nguyen, ML, Ochner, P, Okhmat, DN, Papadakis, I, Parks, JR, Pei, L, Penny, MT, Pizzella, A, Poleski, R, Pott, J-U, Rafter, SE, Rix, H-W, Runnoe, J, Saylor, DA, Schimoia, JS, Scott, B, Sergeev, SG, Shappee, BJ, Shivvers, I, Siegel, M, Simonian, GV, Siviero, A, Skielboe, A, Somers, G, Spencer, M, Starkey, D, Stevens, DJ, Sung, H-I, Tayar, J, Tejos, N, Turner, CS, Uttley, P, Saders, JV, Vaughan, SA, Vican, L, Jr, SV, Villforth, C, Weiss, Y, Woo, J-H, Yan, H, Young, S, Yuk, H, Zheng, W, Zhu, W & Zu, Y 2020, 'Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548', The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7

@article{91de8782463d4fc5b7887eef345f616c,

title = "Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548",

abstract = " We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region for the multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The dataset includes photometric and spectroscopic monitoring in the optical and ultraviolet, covering the H$\beta$, C IV, and Ly$\alpha$ broad emission lines. We find an extended disk-like H$\beta$ BLR with a mixture of near-circular and outflowing gas trajectories, while the C IV and Ly$\alpha$ BLRs are much less extended and resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure in the BLR, with C IV and Ly$\alpha$ emission arising at smaller radii than the H$\beta$ emission. Using the three lines, we make three independent black hole mass measurements, all of which are consistent. Combining these results gives a joint inference of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/M_\odot) = 7.64^{+0.21}_{-0.18}$. We examine the effect of using the $V$ band instead of the UV continuum light curve on the results and find a size difference that is consistent with the measured UV-optical time lag, but the other structural and kinematic parameters remain unchanged, suggesting that the $V$ band is a suitable proxy for the ionizing continuum when exploring the BLR structure and kinematics. Finally, we compare the H$\beta$ results to similar models of data obtained in 2008 when the AGN was at a lower luminosity state. We find that the size of the emitting region increased during this time period, but the geometry and black hole mass remain unchanged, which confirms that the BLR kinematics suitably gauge the gravitational field of the central black hole. ",

keywords = "astro-ph.GA",

author = "Williams, {P. R.} and A. Pancoast and T. Treu and Brewer, {B. J.} and Peterson, {B. M.} and Barth, {A. J.} and Malkan, {M. A.} and Rosa, {G. De} and Keith Horne and Kriss, {G. A.} and N. Arav and Bentz, {M. C.} and Cackett, {E. M.} and Bont{\`a}, {E. Dalla} and M. Dehghanian and C. Done and Ferland, {G. J.} and Grier, {C. J.} and J. Kaastra and E. Kara and Kochanek, {C. S.} and S. Mathur and M. Mehdipour and Pogge, {R. W.} and D. Proga and M. Vestergaard and T. Waters and Adams, {S. M.} and Anderson, {M. D.} and P. Ar{\'e}valo and Beatty, {T. G.} and Bennert, {V. N.} and A. Bigley and S. Bisogni and Borman, {G. A.} and Boroson, {T. A.} and Bottorff, {M. C.} and Brandt, {W. N.} and Breeveld, {A. A.} and M. Brotherton and Brown, {J. E.} and Brown, {J. S.} and G. Canalizo and Carini, {M. T.} and Clubb, {K. I.} and Comerford, {J. M.} and Corsini, {E. M.} and Crenshaw, {D. M.} and S. Croft and Croxall, {K. V.} and Deason, {A. J.} and Lorenzo-C{\'a}ceres, {A. De} and Denney, {K. D.} and M. Dietrich and R. Edelson and Efimova, {N. V.} and J. Ely and Evans, {P. A.} and Fausnaugh, {M. M.} and Filippenko, {A. V.} and K. Flatland and Fox, {O. D.} and E. Gardner and Gates, {E. L.} and N. Gehrels and S. Geier and Gelbord, {J. M.} and L. Gonzalez and V. Gorjian and Greene, {J. E.} and D. Grupe and A. Gupta and Hall, {P. B.} and Henderson, {C. B.} and S. Hicks and E. Holmbeck and Holoien, {T. W. -S.} and T. Hutchison and M. Im and Jensen, {J. J.} and Johnson, {C. A.} and Joner, {M. D.} and J. Jones and S. Kaspi and Kelly, {P. L.} and Kennea, {J. A.} and M. Kim and S. Kim and Kim, {S. C.} and A. King and Klimanov, {S. A.} and C. Knigge and Y. Krongold and Lau, {M. W.} and Lee, {J. C.} and Leonard, {D. C.} and Miao Li and P. Lira and C. Lochhaas and Zhiyuan Ma and Manne-Nicholas, {E. R.} and F. MacInnis and Mauerhan, {J. C.} and R. McGurk and Hardy, {I. M. Mc} and C. Montuori and L. Morelli and A. Mosquera and D. Mudd and F. M{\"u}ller-S{\'a}nchez and Nazarov, {S. V.} and Norris, {R. P.} and Nousek, {J. A.} and Nguyen, {M. L.} and P. Ochner and Okhmat, {D. N.} and I. Papadakis and Parks, {J. R.} and L. Pei and Penny, {M. T.} and A. Pizzella and R. Poleski and Pott, {J. -U.} and Rafter, {S. E.} and Rix, {H. -W.} and J. Runnoe and Saylor, {D. A.} and Schimoia, {J. S.} and B. Scott and Sergeev, {S. G.} and Shappee, {B. J.} and I. Shivvers and M. Siegel and Simonian, {G. V.} and A. Siviero and A. Skielboe and G. Somers and M. Spencer and D. Starkey and Stevens, {D. J.} and Sung, {H. -I.} and J. Tayar and N. Tejos and Turner, {C. S.} and P. Uttley and Saders, {J. Van} and Vaughan, {S. A.} and L. Vican and Jr, {S. Villanueva} and C. Villforth and Y. Weiss and Woo, {J. -H.} and H. Yan and S. Young and H. Yuk and W. Zheng and W. Zhu and Y. Zu",

note = "26 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ",

year = "2020",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7",

language = "English",

journal = "The Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548

AU - Williams, P. R.

AU - Pancoast, A.

AU - Treu, T.

AU - Brewer, B. J.

AU - Peterson, B. M.

AU - Barth, A. J.

AU - Malkan, M. A.

AU - Rosa, G. De

AU - Horne, Keith

AU - Kriss, G. A.

AU - Arav, N.

AU - Bentz, M. C.

AU - Cackett, E. M.

AU - Bontà, E. Dalla

AU - Dehghanian, M.

AU - Done, C.

AU - Ferland, G. J.

AU - Grier, C. J.

AU - Kaastra, J.

AU - Kara, E.

AU - Kochanek, C. S.

AU - Mathur, S.

AU - Mehdipour, M.

AU - Pogge, R. W.

AU - Proga, D.

AU - Vestergaard, M.

AU - Waters, T.

AU - Adams, S. M.

AU - Anderson, M. D.

AU - Arévalo, P.

AU - Beatty, T. G.

AU - Bennert, V. N.

AU - Bigley, A.

AU - Bisogni, S.

AU - Borman, G. A.

AU - Boroson, T. A.

AU - Bottorff, M. C.

AU - Brandt, W. N.

AU - Breeveld, A. A.

AU - Brotherton, M.

AU - Brown, J. E.

AU - Brown, J. S.

AU - Canalizo, G.

AU - Carini, M. T.

AU - Clubb, K. I.

AU - Comerford, J. M.

AU - Corsini, E. M.

AU - Crenshaw, D. M.

AU - Croft, S.

AU - Croxall, K. V.

AU - Deason, A. J.

AU - Lorenzo-Cáceres, A. De

AU - Denney, K. D.

AU - Dietrich, M.

AU - Edelson, R.

AU - Efimova, N. V.

AU - Ely, J.

AU - Evans, P. A.

AU - Fausnaugh, M. M.

AU - Filippenko, A. V.

AU - Flatland, K.

AU - Fox, O. D.

AU - Gardner, E.

AU - Gates, E. L.

AU - Gehrels, N.

AU - Geier, S.

AU - Gelbord, J. M.

AU - Gonzalez, L.

AU - Gorjian, V.

AU - Greene, J. E.

AU - Grupe, D.

AU - Gupta, A.

AU - Hall, P. B.

AU - Henderson, C. B.

AU - Hicks, S.

AU - Holmbeck, E.

AU - Holoien, T. W. -S.

AU - Hutchison, T.

AU - Im, M.

AU - Jensen, J. J.

AU - Johnson, C. A.

AU - Joner, M. D.

AU - Jones, J.

AU - Kaspi, S.

AU - Kelly, P. L.

AU - Kennea, J. A.

AU - Kim, M.

AU - Kim, S.

AU - Kim, S. C.

AU - King, A.

AU - Klimanov, S. A.

AU - Knigge, C.

AU - Krongold, Y.

AU - Lau, M. W.

AU - Lee, J. C.

AU - Leonard, D. C.

AU - Li, Miao

AU - Lira, P.

AU - Lochhaas, C.

AU - Ma, Zhiyuan

AU - Manne-Nicholas, E. R.

AU - MacInnis, F.

AU - Mauerhan, J. C.

AU - McGurk, R.

AU - Hardy, I. M. Mc

AU - Montuori, C.

AU - Morelli, L.

AU - Mosquera, A.

AU - Mudd, D.

AU - Müller-Sánchez, F.

AU - Nazarov, S. V.

AU - Norris, R. P.

AU - Nousek, J. A.

AU - Nguyen, M. L.

AU - Ochner, P.

AU - Okhmat, D. N.

AU - Papadakis, I.

AU - Parks, J. R.

AU - Pei, L.

AU - Penny, M. T.

AU - Pizzella, A.

AU - Poleski, R.

AU - Pott, J. -U.

AU - Rafter, S. E.

AU - Rix, H. -W.

AU - Runnoe, J.

AU - Saylor, D. A.

AU - Schimoia, J. S.

AU - Scott, B.

AU - Sergeev, S. G.

AU - Shappee, B. J.

AU - Shivvers, I.

AU - Siegel, M.

AU - Simonian, G. V.

AU - Siviero, A.

AU - Skielboe, A.

AU - Somers, G.

AU - Spencer, M.

AU - Starkey, D.

AU - Stevens, D. J.

AU - Sung, H. -I.

AU - Tayar, J.

AU - Tejos, N.

AU - Turner, C. S.

AU - Uttley, P.

AU - Saders, J. Van

AU - Vaughan, S. A.

AU - Vican, L.

AU - Jr, S. Villanueva

AU - Villforth, C.

AU - Weiss, Y.

AU - Woo, J. -H.

AU - Yan, H.

AU - Young, S.

AU - Yuk, H.

AU - Zheng, W.

AU - Zhu, W.

AU - Zu, Y.

N1 - 26 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ

PY - 2020/10/1

Y1 - 2020/10/1

N2 - We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region for the multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The dataset includes photometric and spectroscopic monitoring in the optical and ultraviolet, covering the H$\beta$, C IV, and Ly$\alpha$ broad emission lines. We find an extended disk-like H$\beta$ BLR with a mixture of near-circular and outflowing gas trajectories, while the C IV and Ly$\alpha$ BLRs are much less extended and resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure in the BLR, with C IV and Ly$\alpha$ emission arising at smaller radii than the H$\beta$ emission. Using the three lines, we make three independent black hole mass measurements, all of which are consistent. Combining these results gives a joint inference of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/M_\odot) = 7.64^{+0.21}_{-0.18}$. We examine the effect of using the $V$ band instead of the UV continuum light curve on the results and find a size difference that is consistent with the measured UV-optical time lag, but the other structural and kinematic parameters remain unchanged, suggesting that the $V$ band is a suitable proxy for the ionizing continuum when exploring the BLR structure and kinematics. Finally, we compare the H$\beta$ results to similar models of data obtained in 2008 when the AGN was at a lower luminosity state. We find that the size of the emitting region increased during this time period, but the geometry and black hole mass remain unchanged, which confirms that the BLR kinematics suitably gauge the gravitational field of the central black hole.

AB - We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region for the multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The dataset includes photometric and spectroscopic monitoring in the optical and ultraviolet, covering the H$\beta$, C IV, and Ly$\alpha$ broad emission lines. We find an extended disk-like H$\beta$ BLR with a mixture of near-circular and outflowing gas trajectories, while the C IV and Ly$\alpha$ BLRs are much less extended and resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure in the BLR, with C IV and Ly$\alpha$ emission arising at smaller radii than the H$\beta$ emission. Using the three lines, we make three independent black hole mass measurements, all of which are consistent. Combining these results gives a joint inference of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/M_\odot) = 7.64^{+0.21}_{-0.18}$. We examine the effect of using the $V$ band instead of the UV continuum light curve on the results and find a size difference that is consistent with the measured UV-optical time lag, but the other structural and kinematic parameters remain unchanged, suggesting that the $V$ band is a suitable proxy for the ionizing continuum when exploring the BLR structure and kinematics. Finally, we compare the H$\beta$ results to similar models of data obtained in 2008 when the AGN was at a lower luminosity state. We find that the size of the emitting region increased during this time period, but the geometry and black hole mass remain unchanged, which confirms that the BLR kinematics suitably gauge the gravitational field of the central black hole.

KW - astro-ph.GA

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/abbad7

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-637X

JO - The Astrophysical Journal

JF - The Astrophysical Journal

ER -

Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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