Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films and Their Energy Harvesting Properties

Raja Sekhar Muddam; Shaoyang Wang; Nirmal Prashanth Maria Joseph Raj; Qingping Wang; Philip Wijesinghe; Julia Payne; Matthew S. Dyer; Chris Bowen; Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma

doi:10.1002/adfm.202425192

Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films and Their Energy Harvesting Properties

Raja Sekhar Muddam
, Shaoyang Wang
, Nirmal Prashanth Maria Joseph Raj
, Qingping Wang
, Philip Wijesinghe
, Julia Payne
, Matthew S. Dyer
, Chris Bowen
, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma

University of St Andrews
University of Liverpool

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)₂(MA)_n-1Pb_nBr_3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr₂O₃ or phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)₂(MA)_n-1Pb_nBr_3n+1 ₊₁ thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.

Original language	English
Article number	2425192
Journal	Advanced Functional Materials
Volume	35
Issue number	34
Early online date	1 Apr 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425192
Publication status	Published - 25 Aug 2025

Funding

L.K.J. acknowledges funding from UKRI-FLF through MR/T022094/1. This work used the Cirrus UK National Tier-2 HPC Service at EPCC (http://www.cirrus.ac.uk) funded by the University of Edinburgh and EPSRC (EP/P020267/1). C.R.B. and Q.W. acknowledge support of UKRI Frontier Research Guarantee on the “Processing of Smart Porous Electro-Ceramic Transducers – ProSPECT”, project. No. EP/X023265/1. Q.W. acknowledges the support of the UKRI Postdoctoral Fellowship Guarantee (Project No. EP/Y017412/1), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 51902094).

Funders	Funder number
UK Research & Innovation	MR/T022094/1, EP/Y017412/1, EP/X023265/1
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council	EP/P020267/

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

(BA)(MA)PbBr
low-frequency P-E loops
multi-source energy harvesting
semiconducting ferroelectrics
thin film ferroelectrics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
General Chemistry
Biomaterials
General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrochemistry

Access to Document

10.1002/adfm.202425192Licence: CC BY

Cite this

Muddam, R. S., Wang, S., Maria Joseph Raj, N. P., Wang, Q., Wijesinghe, P., Payne, J., Dyer, M. S., Bowen, C., & Krishnan Jagadamma, L. (2025). Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films and Their Energy Harvesting Properties. Advanced Functional Materials, 35(34), Article 2425192. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425192

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abstract = "Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr₂O₃ or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 ₊₁ thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.",

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AU - Wang, Shaoyang

AU - Maria Joseph Raj, Nirmal Prashanth

AU - Wang, Qingping

AU - Wijesinghe, Philip

AU - Payne, Julia

AU - Dyer, Matthew S.

AU - Bowen, Chris

AU - Krishnan Jagadamma, Lethy

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AB - Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr₂O₃ or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 ₊₁ thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.

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Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films and Their Energy Harvesting Properties

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Frontier Research Guarantee - Processing of Smart Porous Electro-Ceramic Transducers (ProSPECT)

Fellowship UKRI Post Doc Guarantee - High-performance porous pyroelectric materials by freeze-casting for thermal sensing and harvesting (PPTSH)

Cite this

Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films and Their Energy Harvesting Properties

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

Frontier Research Guarantee - Processing of Smart Porous Electro-Ceramic Transducers (ProSPECT)

Fellowship UKRI Post Doc Guarantee - High-performance porous pyroelectric materials by freeze-casting for thermal sensing and harvesting (PPTSH)

Cite this