RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis

Gregor J. G. Gluth; Xinyuan Ke; Anya Vollpracht; Susan A. Bernal; Özlem Cizer; Martin Cyr; Katja Dombrowski-Daube; Dan Geddes; Cyrill Grengg; Cassandre Le Galliard; Marija Nedeljkovic; John L. Provis; Zhenguo Shi; Luca Valentini; Brant Walkley

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis

Gregor J. G. Gluth, Xinyuan Ke, Anya Vollpracht, Susan A. Bernal, Özlem Cizer, Martin Cyr, Katja Dombrowski-Daube, Dan Geddes, Cyrill Grengg, Cassandre Le Galliard, Marija Nedeljkovic, John L. Provis, Zhenguo Shi, Luca Valentini, Brant Walkley

Research output: Chapter or section in a book/report/conference proceeding › Chapter or section

Abstract

The current understanding of the carbonation of alkali-activated concretes is hampered inter alia by the wide range of binder chemistries used. To overcome some of the limitations of individual studies and to identify general correlations between their mix design parameters and carbonation resistance, the RILEM TC 281-CCC working group 6 compiled carbonation data for alkali-activated concretes and mortars from the literature. For comparison purposes, data for blended Portland cement-based concretes with a high percentage of SCMs (≥ 66% of the binder) were also included in the database. A preliminary analysis of the database indicates that w/CaO ratio and w/b ratio exert an influence on the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes but, contrary to what has been reported for concretes based on (blended) Portland cements, these are not good indicators of their carbonation resistance when considered individually. A better indicator of the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes under conditions approximating natural carbonation appears to be their w/(CaO + Na2O + K2O) ratio. Furthermore, the analysis points to significant shortcomings of tests at elevated CO2 concentrations for low-Ca alkali-activated concretes, indicating that even at a concentration of 1% CO2, the outcomes may lead to inaccurate predictions of the carbonation coefficient under natural exposure conditions.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021
Subtitle of host publication	Advances in Sustainable Construction, Materials and Structures
Editors	J. I. Escalante-Garcia, P. Castro Borges, A. Duran-Herrera
Place of Publication	Cham, Switzerland
Publisher	Springer
Pages	667-676
Number of pages	10
ISBN (Electronic)	9783031217357
ISBN (Print)	9783031217340
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72
Publication status	Published - 11 Mar 2023
Event	75th RILEM Annual Week & International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials and Structures - Merida, Mexico Duration: 30 Aug 2021 → 3 Sept 2021 http://rilemweek2021.uanl.mx/

Publication series

Name	RILEM Bookseries
Volume	40
ISSN (Print)	2211-0844
ISSN (Electronic)	2211-0852

Conference

Conference	75th RILEM Annual Week & International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials and Structures
Country/Territory	Mexico
Period	30/08/21 → 3/09/21
Internet address	http://rilemweek2021.uanl.mx/

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This article was prepared within the framework of RILEM TC 281-CCC. The article has been reviewed and approved by all members of the TC. Lia Weiler (RWTH Aachen University) is thanked very much for assistance in extending and reviewing the database. Participation of S. A. Bernal in this study was sponsored by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the ECF EP/R001642/1.

Keywords

Accelerated testing
Alkali-activated materials
Carbonation
Natural exposure

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Civil and Structural Engineering
Building and Construction
Mechanics of Materials

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

Cite this

Gluth, G. J. G., Ke, X., Vollpracht, A., Bernal, S. A., Cizer, Ö., Cyr, M., Dombrowski-Daube, K., Geddes, D., Grengg, C., Galliard, C. L., Nedeljkovic, M., Provis, J. L., Shi, Z., Valentini, L., & Walkley, B. (2023). RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis. In J. I. Escalante-Garcia, P. Castro Borges, & A. Duran-Herrera (Eds.), Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021: Advances in Sustainable Construction, Materials and Structures (pp. 667-676). (RILEM Bookseries; Vol. 40). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis. / Gluth, Gregor J. G.; Ke, Xinyuan; Vollpracht, Anya et al.
Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021: Advances in Sustainable Construction, Materials and Structures . ed. / J. I. Escalante-Garcia; P. Castro Borges; A. Duran-Herrera. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2023. p. 667-676 (RILEM Bookseries; Vol. 40).

Research output: Chapter or section in a book/report/conference proceeding › Chapter or section

Gluth, GJG, Ke, X, Vollpracht, A, Bernal, SA, Cizer, Ö, Cyr, M, Dombrowski-Daube, K, Geddes, D, Grengg, C, Galliard, CL, Nedeljkovic, M, Provis, JL, Shi, Z, Valentini, L & Walkley, B 2023, RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis. in JI Escalante-Garcia, P Castro Borges & A Duran-Herrera (eds), Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021: Advances in Sustainable Construction, Materials and Structures . RILEM Bookseries, vol. 40, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 667-676, 75th RILEM Annual Week & International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials and Structures, Mexico, 30/08/21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

Gluth GJG, Ke X, Vollpracht A, Bernal SA, Cizer Ö, Cyr M et al. RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis. In Escalante-Garcia JI, Castro Borges P, Duran-Herrera A, editors, Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021: Advances in Sustainable Construction, Materials and Structures . Cham, Switzerland: Springer. 2023. p. 667-676. (RILEM Bookseries). doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

Gluth, Gregor J. G. ; Ke, Xinyuan ; Vollpracht, Anya et al. / RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6 : Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis. Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021: Advances in Sustainable Construction, Materials and Structures . editor / J. I. Escalante-Garcia ; P. Castro Borges ; A. Duran-Herrera. Cham, Switzerland : Springer, 2023. pp. 667-676 (RILEM Bookseries).

@inbook{42b470715508403aabb4cc63a48e7304,

title = "RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis",

abstract = "The current understanding of the carbonation of alkali-activated concretes is hampered inter alia by the wide range of binder chemistries used. To overcome some of the limitations of individual studies and to identify general correlations between their mix design parameters and carbonation resistance, the RILEM TC 281-CCC working group 6 compiled carbonation data for alkali-activated concretes and mortars from the literature. For comparison purposes, data for blended Portland cement-based concretes with a high percentage of SCMs (≥ 66% of the binder) were also included in the database. A preliminary analysis of the database indicates that w/CaO ratio and w/b ratio exert an influence on the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes but, contrary to what has been reported for concretes based on (blended) Portland cements, these are not good indicators of their carbonation resistance when considered individually. A better indicator of the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes under conditions approximating natural carbonation appears to be their w/(CaO + Na2O + K2O) ratio. Furthermore, the analysis points to significant shortcomings of tests at elevated CO2 concentrations for low-Ca alkali-activated concretes, indicating that even at a concentration of 1% CO2, the outcomes may lead to inaccurate predictions of the carbonation coefficient under natural exposure conditions.",

keywords = "Accelerated testing, Alkali-activated materials, Carbonation, Natural exposure",

author = "Gluth, {Gregor J. G.} and Xinyuan Ke and Anya Vollpracht and Bernal, {Susan A.} and {\"O}zlem Cizer and Martin Cyr and Katja Dombrowski-Daube and Dan Geddes and Cyrill Grengg and Galliard, {Cassandre Le} and Marija Nedeljkovic and Provis, {John L.} and Zhenguo Shi and Luca Valentini and Brant Walkley",

note = "Funding Information: This article was prepared within the framework of RILEM TC 281-CCC. The article has been reviewed and approved by all members of the TC. Lia Weiler (RWTH Aachen University) is thanked very much for assistance in extending and reviewing the database. Participation of S. A. Bernal in this study was sponsored by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the ECF EP/R001642/1. ; 75th RILEM Annual Week & International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials and Structures ; Conference date: 30-08-2021 Through 03-09-2021",

year = "2023",

month = mar,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72",

language = "English",

isbn = "9783031217340",

series = "RILEM Bookseries",

publisher = "Springer",

pages = "667--676",

editor = "Escalante-Garcia, {J. I.} and {Castro Borges}, P. and A. Duran-Herrera",

booktitle = "Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021",

url = "http://rilemweek2021.uanl.mx/",

}

TY - CHAP

T1 - RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6

T2 - 75th RILEM Annual Week & International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials and Structures

AU - Gluth, Gregor J. G.

AU - Ke, Xinyuan

AU - Vollpracht, Anya

AU - Bernal, Susan A.

AU - Cizer, Özlem

AU - Cyr, Martin

AU - Dombrowski-Daube, Katja

AU - Geddes, Dan

AU - Grengg, Cyrill

AU - Galliard, Cassandre Le

AU - Nedeljkovic, Marija

AU - Provis, John L.

AU - Shi, Zhenguo

AU - Valentini, Luca

AU - Walkley, Brant

N1 - Funding Information: This article was prepared within the framework of RILEM TC 281-CCC. The article has been reviewed and approved by all members of the TC. Lia Weiler (RWTH Aachen University) is thanked very much for assistance in extending and reviewing the database. Participation of S. A. Bernal in this study was sponsored by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the ECF EP/R001642/1.

PY - 2023/3/11

Y1 - 2023/3/11

N2 - The current understanding of the carbonation of alkali-activated concretes is hampered inter alia by the wide range of binder chemistries used. To overcome some of the limitations of individual studies and to identify general correlations between their mix design parameters and carbonation resistance, the RILEM TC 281-CCC working group 6 compiled carbonation data for alkali-activated concretes and mortars from the literature. For comparison purposes, data for blended Portland cement-based concretes with a high percentage of SCMs (≥ 66% of the binder) were also included in the database. A preliminary analysis of the database indicates that w/CaO ratio and w/b ratio exert an influence on the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes but, contrary to what has been reported for concretes based on (blended) Portland cements, these are not good indicators of their carbonation resistance when considered individually. A better indicator of the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes under conditions approximating natural carbonation appears to be their w/(CaO + Na2O + K2O) ratio. Furthermore, the analysis points to significant shortcomings of tests at elevated CO2 concentrations for low-Ca alkali-activated concretes, indicating that even at a concentration of 1% CO2, the outcomes may lead to inaccurate predictions of the carbonation coefficient under natural exposure conditions.

AB - The current understanding of the carbonation of alkali-activated concretes is hampered inter alia by the wide range of binder chemistries used. To overcome some of the limitations of individual studies and to identify general correlations between their mix design parameters and carbonation resistance, the RILEM TC 281-CCC working group 6 compiled carbonation data for alkali-activated concretes and mortars from the literature. For comparison purposes, data for blended Portland cement-based concretes with a high percentage of SCMs (≥ 66% of the binder) were also included in the database. A preliminary analysis of the database indicates that w/CaO ratio and w/b ratio exert an influence on the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes but, contrary to what has been reported for concretes based on (blended) Portland cements, these are not good indicators of their carbonation resistance when considered individually. A better indicator of the carbonation resistance of alkali-activated concretes under conditions approximating natural carbonation appears to be their w/(CaO + Na2O + K2O) ratio. Furthermore, the analysis points to significant shortcomings of tests at elevated CO2 concentrations for low-Ca alkali-activated concretes, indicating that even at a concentration of 1% CO2, the outcomes may lead to inaccurate predictions of the carbonation coefficient under natural exposure conditions.

KW - Accelerated testing

KW - Alkali-activated materials

KW - Carbonation

KW - Natural exposure

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150206043&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-21735-7_72

M3 - Chapter or section

AN - SCOPUS:85150206043

SN - 9783031217340

T3 - RILEM Bookseries

SP - 667

EP - 676

BT - Proceedings of the 75th RILEM Annual Week 2021. RW 2021

A2 - Escalante-Garcia, J. I.

A2 - Castro Borges, P.

A2 - Duran-Herrera, A.

PB - Springer

CY - Cham, Switzerland

Y2 - 30 August 2021 through 3 September 2021

ER -

RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this