Abstract
Sustainable and cost-effective solutions are crucial for the widespread adoption of 4D printing technology. This paper focuses on the development of a cellulose-hydrogel composite ink for additive manufacture, presenting the development and physical characterisation (stability, swelling potential and rheology) of the cellulose-hydrogel composite to establish its suitability for 4D printing of responsive structures. The use of a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrocolloid with incorporated cellulose pulp fibres resulted in an ink with a high total cellulose content (fibre volume fraction ≈50% for the dehydrated composite) and good dispersion of fibres within the hydrogel matrix. The composite ink formulation developed in this study permitted smooth extrusion using an open source 3D printer to achieve controlled material placement in 3D space while retaining the functionality of the cellulose. The addition of montmorillonite clay not only resulted in enhanced storage stability of the composite ink formulations but also had a beneficial effect on the extrusion characteristics. The ability to precisely apply the ink via 3D printing was demonstrated through fabrication of a complex structure capable of morphing according to pre-determined design rules in response to hydration/dehydration.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 108-118 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Materials and Design |
| Volume | 160 |
| Early online date | 7 Sep 2018 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Dec 2018 |
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Keywords
- 4D materials
- Additive manufacturing
- Cellulose-hydrogel
- Composite morphing
- Stimuli-responsive
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Mechanics of Materials
- Mechanical Engineering
Cite this
Responsive cellulose-hydrogel composite ink for 4D printing. / Mulakkal, Manu C.; Trask, Richard S.; Ting, Valeska P.; Seddon, Annela M.
In: Materials and Design, Vol. 160, 15.12.2018, p. 108-118.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Responsive cellulose-hydrogel composite ink for 4D printing
AU - Mulakkal, Manu C.
AU - Trask, Richard S.
AU - Ting, Valeska P.
AU - Seddon, Annela M.
PY - 2018/12/15
Y1 - 2018/12/15
N2 - Sustainable and cost-effective solutions are crucial for the widespread adoption of 4D printing technology. This paper focuses on the development of a cellulose-hydrogel composite ink for additive manufacture, presenting the development and physical characterisation (stability, swelling potential and rheology) of the cellulose-hydrogel composite to establish its suitability for 4D printing of responsive structures. The use of a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrocolloid with incorporated cellulose pulp fibres resulted in an ink with a high total cellulose content (fibre volume fraction ≈50% for the dehydrated composite) and good dispersion of fibres within the hydrogel matrix. The composite ink formulation developed in this study permitted smooth extrusion using an open source 3D printer to achieve controlled material placement in 3D space while retaining the functionality of the cellulose. The addition of montmorillonite clay not only resulted in enhanced storage stability of the composite ink formulations but also had a beneficial effect on the extrusion characteristics. The ability to precisely apply the ink via 3D printing was demonstrated through fabrication of a complex structure capable of morphing according to pre-determined design rules in response to hydration/dehydration.
AB - Sustainable and cost-effective solutions are crucial for the widespread adoption of 4D printing technology. This paper focuses on the development of a cellulose-hydrogel composite ink for additive manufacture, presenting the development and physical characterisation (stability, swelling potential and rheology) of the cellulose-hydrogel composite to establish its suitability for 4D printing of responsive structures. The use of a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrocolloid with incorporated cellulose pulp fibres resulted in an ink with a high total cellulose content (fibre volume fraction ≈50% for the dehydrated composite) and good dispersion of fibres within the hydrogel matrix. The composite ink formulation developed in this study permitted smooth extrusion using an open source 3D printer to achieve controlled material placement in 3D space while retaining the functionality of the cellulose. The addition of montmorillonite clay not only resulted in enhanced storage stability of the composite ink formulations but also had a beneficial effect on the extrusion characteristics. The ability to precisely apply the ink via 3D printing was demonstrated through fabrication of a complex structure capable of morphing according to pre-determined design rules in response to hydration/dehydration.
KW - 4D materials
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - Cellulose-hydrogel
KW - Composite morphing
KW - Stimuli-responsive
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053196530&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.09.009
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.09.009
M3 - Article
VL - 160
SP - 108
EP - 118
JO - Materials & Design
JF - Materials & Design
SN - 0261-3069
ER -