TY - JOUR
T1 - Ratiometric Electrochemistry:Improving the Robustness, Reproducibility and Reliability of Biosensors
AU - Frost, Christopher
AU - Spring, Sam
AU - Goggins, Sean
PY - 2021/4/7
Y1 - 2021/4/7
N2 - Electrochemical biosensors are an increasingly attractive option for the development of a novel analyte detection method, especially when integration within a point-of-use device is the overall objective. In this context, accuracy and sensitivity are not compromised when working with opaque samples as the electrical readout signal can be directly read by a device without the need for any signal transduction. However, electrochemical detection can be susceptible to substantial signal drift and increased signal error. This is most apparent when analysing complex mixtures and when using small, single-use, screen-printed electrodes. Over recent years, analytical scien-tists have taken inspiration from self-referencing ratiometric fluorescence methods to counteract these problems and have begun to develop ratiometric electrochemical protocols to improve sen-sor accuracy and reliability. This review will provide coverage of key developments in rati-ometric electrochemical (bio)sensors, highlighting innovative assay design, and the experiments performed that challenge assay robustness and reliability.
AB - Electrochemical biosensors are an increasingly attractive option for the development of a novel analyte detection method, especially when integration within a point-of-use device is the overall objective. In this context, accuracy and sensitivity are not compromised when working with opaque samples as the electrical readout signal can be directly read by a device without the need for any signal transduction. However, electrochemical detection can be susceptible to substantial signal drift and increased signal error. This is most apparent when analysing complex mixtures and when using small, single-use, screen-printed electrodes. Over recent years, analytical scien-tists have taken inspiration from self-referencing ratiometric fluorescence methods to counteract these problems and have begun to develop ratiometric electrochemical protocols to improve sen-sor accuracy and reliability. This review will provide coverage of key developments in rati-ometric electrochemical (bio)sensors, highlighting innovative assay design, and the experiments performed that challenge assay robustness and reliability.
U2 - 10.3390/molecules26082130
DO - 10.3390/molecules26082130
M3 - Review article
VL - 26
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
SN - 1420-3049
IS - 8
M1 - 2130
ER -