Polylactic- Glycolic Acid Microparticles–Encapsulated Prostaglandin E1 as A Novel Strategy In Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by unique clinical and pathological traits, from which its aggressive nature and the absence of specific treatments are the most worrying. Prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁) can affect the morphology of human breast tumor cell lines, but its potential therapeutic effects appear to be counteracted by its high degradability in physiological environments. For this reason, polylactic-glycolic acid polymeric microparticles (MPs) are developed to stabilize PGE₁ in damp conditions and enable sustained local release for the treatment of TNBC after surgical removal of the tumor mass. Specifically, the PGE₁ embedded MPs are produced using a double emulsion solvent-evaporation method, then analyzed through Mastersizer and scanning electron microscopy. Afterward, the encapsulation efficiency and the PGE₁ release are examined using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and their stability at various storage temperatures is assessed. Finally, the carrier toxicity is evaluated in TNBC cells and colon adenocarcinoma epithelial cells, Caco-2. A reliable action on carcinogenic cells specific to breast cancer is observed. Although in vivo studies are still needed, these results open the way to using such a carrier for the intralesional delivery of PGE₁ and its use against TNBC.