On the application of nanostructured electrodes prepared by Ti/TiO2/WO3 " template": A case study of removing toxicity of indigo using visible irradiation

Thais T. Guaraldo, Thalita B. Zanoni, Susana I.C. de Torresi, Vinicius R. Gonçales, Guilherme J. Zocolo, Danielle P. Oliveira, Maria Valnice B. Zanoni

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

44 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

New assays with HepG2 cells indicate that Indigo Carmine (IC), a dye that is widely used as additive in many food and pharmaceutical industries exhibited cytotoxic effects. This work describes the development of a bicomponent nanostructured Ti/TiO2/WO3 electrode prepared by " template" method and investigates its efficiency in a photoelectrocatalytic method by using visible light irradiation and applied potential of 1V. After 2h of treatment there are reduction of 97% discoloration, 62% of mineralization and formation of three byproducts assigned as: 2-amine-5-sulfo-benzoic acid, 2,3-dioxo-14-indole-5-sulfonic acid, and 2-amino-α-oxo-5-sulfo-benzeneacetic acid were identified by HPLC-MS/MS. But, cytotoxicity was completely removed after 120min of treatment.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)586-593
Number of pages8
JournalChemosphere
Volume91
Issue number5
Early online date18 Jan 2013
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 30 Apr 2013

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to CAPES, FAPESP (Process: 2008/10449-7) and CNPq.

Keywords

  • Byproducts
  • Cytotoxicity
  • Food dye
  • Genotoxicity
  • Indigo carmine
  • Photoelectrocatalytic treatment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • General Chemistry
  • Pollution
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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