Obesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss

T S Church; M S Willis; E L Priest; M J Lamonte; Conrad P Earnest; W J Wilkinson; D A Wilson; B P Giroir

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942

Obesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss

T S Church, M S Willis, E L Priest, M J Lamonte, Conrad P Earnest, W J Wilkinson, D A Wilson, B P Giroir

Department for Health

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated as a causal mechanism in a number of disease conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. Excess body fat is associated with an increased risk of numerous health conditions including CVD, diabetes, and cancer. To our knowledge, the association between MIF and obesity status and the effect of weight loss on serum MIF concentrations have not been reported. In this study, we examined the effects of participation in a behavior-based weight loss program on MIF concentrations in obese individuals.

SUBJECTS: Study participants were 71 men and women enrolled in The Cooper Institute Weight Management Program. Participants were predominantly female (68%, n=48), middle-aged (46.5+/-9.8 y), and severely obese (BMI=43.0+/-8.6).

METHOD: Plasma MIF concentrations and other standard risk factors were measured before and after participation in a diet and physical activity based weight management program.

RESULTS:: The mean follow-up was 8.5+/-3.0 months with an average weight loss of 14.4 kg (P < 0.001). The majority of clinical risk factors significantly improved at follow-up. Median levels of plasma MIF concentration were significantly lower at follow-up (median [IQR]; 5.1[3.6-10.3]) compared to baseline (8.4 [4.3-48.8]; P=0.0005). The percentage of participants with plasma MIF concentration >/=19.5 mg/nl (highest tertile at baseline) decreased from 33.8 to 5.6% (P < 0.001). Further, elevated baseline plasma MIF concentration was associated with markers of beta-cell dysfunction and reductions in MIF were associated with improvements in beta-cell function.

CONCLUSIONS: Circulating MIF concentrations are elevated in obese but otherwise healthy individuals; however, this elevation in MIF is not uniform across individuals. In obese individuals with elevated circulating MIF concentrations, participation in physical activity and a dietary-focused weight management program resulted in substantial reduction in MIF.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	675-681
Number of pages	7
Journal	International Journal of Obesity
Volume	29
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942
Publication status	Published - 2005

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10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942

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title = "Obesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated as a causal mechanism in a number of disease conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. Excess body fat is associated with an increased risk of numerous health conditions including CVD, diabetes, and cancer. To our knowledge, the association between MIF and obesity status and the effect of weight loss on serum MIF concentrations have not been reported. In this study, we examined the effects of participation in a behavior-based weight loss program on MIF concentrations in obese individuals. SUBJECTS: Study participants were 71 men and women enrolled in The Cooper Institute Weight Management Program. Participants were predominantly female (68%, n=48), middle-aged (46.5+/-9.8 y), and severely obese (BMI=43.0+/-8.6). METHOD: Plasma MIF concentrations and other standard risk factors were measured before and after participation in a diet and physical activity based weight management program. RESULTS:: The mean follow-up was 8.5+/-3.0 months with an average weight loss of 14.4 kg (P < 0.001). The majority of clinical risk factors significantly improved at follow-up. Median levels of plasma MIF concentration were significantly lower at follow-up (median [IQR]; 5.1[3.6-10.3]) compared to baseline (8.4 [4.3-48.8]; P=0.0005). The percentage of participants with plasma MIF concentration >/=19.5 mg/nl (highest tertile at baseline) decreased from 33.8 to 5.6% (P < 0.001). Further, elevated baseline plasma MIF concentration was associated with markers of beta-cell dysfunction and reductions in MIF were associated with improvements in beta-cell function. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating MIF concentrations are elevated in obese but otherwise healthy individuals; however, this elevation in MIF is not uniform across individuals. In obese individuals with elevated circulating MIF concentrations, participation in physical activity and a dietary-focused weight management program resulted in substantial reduction in MIF.",

author = "Church, {T S} and Willis, {M S} and Priest, {E L} and Lamonte, {M J} and Earnest, {Conrad P} and Wilkinson, {W J} and Wilson, {D A} and Giroir, {B P}",

year = "2005",

doi = "10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942",

language = "English",

volume = "29",

pages = "675--681",

journal = "International Journal of Obesity",

issn = "1476-5497",

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number = "6",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Obesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss

AU - Church, T S

AU - Willis, M S

AU - Priest, E L

AU - Lamonte, M J

AU - Earnest, Conrad P

AU - Wilkinson, W J

AU - Wilson, D A

AU - Giroir, B P

PY - 2005

Y1 - 2005

N2 - OBJECTIVE: Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated as a causal mechanism in a number of disease conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. Excess body fat is associated with an increased risk of numerous health conditions including CVD, diabetes, and cancer. To our knowledge, the association between MIF and obesity status and the effect of weight loss on serum MIF concentrations have not been reported. In this study, we examined the effects of participation in a behavior-based weight loss program on MIF concentrations in obese individuals. SUBJECTS: Study participants were 71 men and women enrolled in The Cooper Institute Weight Management Program. Participants were predominantly female (68%, n=48), middle-aged (46.5+/-9.8 y), and severely obese (BMI=43.0+/-8.6). METHOD: Plasma MIF concentrations and other standard risk factors were measured before and after participation in a diet and physical activity based weight management program. RESULTS:: The mean follow-up was 8.5+/-3.0 months with an average weight loss of 14.4 kg (P < 0.001). The majority of clinical risk factors significantly improved at follow-up. Median levels of plasma MIF concentration were significantly lower at follow-up (median [IQR]; 5.1[3.6-10.3]) compared to baseline (8.4 [4.3-48.8]; P=0.0005). The percentage of participants with plasma MIF concentration >/=19.5 mg/nl (highest tertile at baseline) decreased from 33.8 to 5.6% (P < 0.001). Further, elevated baseline plasma MIF concentration was associated with markers of beta-cell dysfunction and reductions in MIF were associated with improvements in beta-cell function. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating MIF concentrations are elevated in obese but otherwise healthy individuals; however, this elevation in MIF is not uniform across individuals. In obese individuals with elevated circulating MIF concentrations, participation in physical activity and a dietary-focused weight management program resulted in substantial reduction in MIF.

AB - OBJECTIVE: Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated as a causal mechanism in a number of disease conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. Excess body fat is associated with an increased risk of numerous health conditions including CVD, diabetes, and cancer. To our knowledge, the association between MIF and obesity status and the effect of weight loss on serum MIF concentrations have not been reported. In this study, we examined the effects of participation in a behavior-based weight loss program on MIF concentrations in obese individuals. SUBJECTS: Study participants were 71 men and women enrolled in The Cooper Institute Weight Management Program. Participants were predominantly female (68%, n=48), middle-aged (46.5+/-9.8 y), and severely obese (BMI=43.0+/-8.6). METHOD: Plasma MIF concentrations and other standard risk factors were measured before and after participation in a diet and physical activity based weight management program. RESULTS:: The mean follow-up was 8.5+/-3.0 months with an average weight loss of 14.4 kg (P < 0.001). The majority of clinical risk factors significantly improved at follow-up. Median levels of plasma MIF concentration were significantly lower at follow-up (median [IQR]; 5.1[3.6-10.3]) compared to baseline (8.4 [4.3-48.8]; P=0.0005). The percentage of participants with plasma MIF concentration >/=19.5 mg/nl (highest tertile at baseline) decreased from 33.8 to 5.6% (P < 0.001). Further, elevated baseline plasma MIF concentration was associated with markers of beta-cell dysfunction and reductions in MIF were associated with improvements in beta-cell function. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating MIF concentrations are elevated in obese but otherwise healthy individuals; however, this elevation in MIF is not uniform across individuals. In obese individuals with elevated circulating MIF concentrations, participation in physical activity and a dietary-focused weight management program resulted in substantial reduction in MIF.

UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942

U2 - 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942

DO - 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942

M3 - Article

SN - 1476-5497

VL - 29

SP - 675

EP - 681

JO - International Journal of Obesity

JF - International Journal of Obesity

IS - 6

ER -

Obesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss

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