Abstract
We present a standalone, scalable and high-throughput software platform for PET image reconstruction and analysis. We focus on high fidelity modelling of the acquisition processes to provide high accuracy and precision quantitative imaging, especially for large axial field of view scanners. All the core routines are implemented using parallel computing available from within the Python package NiftyPET, enabling easy access, manipulation and visualisation of data at any processing stage. The pipeline of the platform starts from MR and raw PET input data and is divided into the following processing stages: (1) list-mode data processing; (2) accurate attenuation coefficient map generation; (3) detector normalisation; (4) exact forward and back projection between sinogram and image space; (5) estimation of reduced-variance random events; (6) high accuracy fully 3D estimation of scatter events; (7) voxel-based partial volume correction; (8) region- and voxel-level image analysis. We demonstrate the advantages of this platform using an amyloid brain scan where all the processing is executed from a single and uniform computational environment in Python. The high accuracy acquisition modelling is achieved through span-1 (no axial compression) ray tracing for true, random and scatter events. Furthermore, the platform offers uncertainty estimation of any image derived statistic to facilitate robust tracking of subtle physiological changes in longitudinal studies. The platform also supports the development of new reconstruction and analysis algorithms through restricting the axial field of view to any set of rings covering a region of interest and thus performing fully 3D reconstruction and corrections using real data significantly faster. All the software is available as open source with the accompanying wiki-page and test data.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 95-115 |
Number of pages | 21 |
Journal | Neuroinformatics |
Volume | 16 |
Issue number | 1 |
Early online date | 26 Dec 2017 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2018 |
Funding
Acknowledgements Special thanks go to Catherine Scott for her overall assistance. The Tesla K20 and Titan X Pascal used for this research were donated by the NVIDIA Corporation. The Florbetapir PET tracer was provided by AVID Radiopharmaceuticals (a wholly owned subsidiary of Eli Lilly & Co). Support for this work was received from the MRC Dementias Platform UK (MR/N025792/1), the MRC (MR/J01107X/1, CSUB19166), the EPSRC (EP/H046410/1, EP/J020990/1, EP/K005278, EP/M022587/1), AMYPAD (European Commission project ID: ID115952, H2020-EU.3.1.7. - Innovative Medicines Initiative 2), the EU-FP7 project VPH-DARE@IT (FP7-ICT-2011-9-601055), the NIHR Biomedical Research Unit (Dementia) at UCL and the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC UCLH/UCL High Impact Initiative-BW.mn.BRC10269), the NIHR Queen Square Dementia BRU, Wolfson Foundation, ARUK (ARUK-Network 2012-6-ICE; ARUK-PG2014-1946), European Commission (H2020-PHC-2014-2015-666992), the Dementia Research Centre as an ARUK coordinating centre. M. J. Ehrhardt acknowledges support by the Leverhulme Trust project ’Breaking the non-convexity barrier’, EPSRC grant ’EP/M00483X/1’, EPSRC centre ’EP/N014588/1’, the Cantab Capital Institute for the Mathematics of Information, and from CHiPS (Horizon 2020 RISE project grant).
Keywords
- Bootstrap
- Image reconstruction
- Normalisation
- Partial volume correction
- PET
- Quantification
- Random events estimation
- Scatter correction
- Uncertainty
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Software
- General Neuroscience
- Information Systems