TY - JOUR
T1 - Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition attenuates increases in insulin and leptin during short-term bed rest
T2 - Endocrine responses to enteral feeding pattern
AU - Gonzalez, Javier
AU - Dirks, Marlou
AU - Holwerda, Andrew M.
AU - Kouw, Imre
AU - van Loon, Luc
PY - 2020/9/30
Y1 - 2020/9/30
N2 - Purpose: To compare endocrine responses to intermittent vs continuous enteral nutrition provision during short-term bed rest.
Methods: Twenty healthy men underwent 7 days of bed rest, during which they were randomized to receive enteral nutrition (47%E as carbohydrate, 34%E as fat, 16%E as protein and 3%E as fiber) in a continuous (CONTINUOUS; n=10; 24 h.day-1 at a constant rate) or intermittent (INTERMITTENT; n=10; as 4 meals per day separated by 5 hours) pattern. Daily plasma samples were taken every morning to assess metabolite/hormone concentrations.
Results: During bed rest, plasma leptin concentrations were elevated to a lesser extent with INTERMITTENT vs CONTINUOUS (iAUC: 0.42±0.38 vs 0.95±0.48 nmol.L-1, respectively; P=0.014) as were insulin concentrations (interaction effect, P<0.001) which reached a peak of 369±225 pmol.L-1 in CONTINUOUS, compared to 94±38 pmol.L-1 in INTERMITTENT (P = 0.001). Changes in glucose infusion rate were positively correlated with changes in fasting plasma GLP-1 concentrations (r=0.44, P=0.049).
Conclusion: Intermittent enteral nutrition attenuates the progressive rise in plasma leptin and insulinemia seen with continuous feeding during bed rest, suggesting that continuous feeding increases insulin requirements to maintain euglycemia. This raises the possibility that hepatic insulin sensitivity is impaired to a greater extent with continuous versus intermittent feeding during bed rest. To attenuate endocrine and metabolic changes with enteral feeding, an intermittent feeding strategy may therefore be preferable to continuous provision of nutrition.
AB - Purpose: To compare endocrine responses to intermittent vs continuous enteral nutrition provision during short-term bed rest.
Methods: Twenty healthy men underwent 7 days of bed rest, during which they were randomized to receive enteral nutrition (47%E as carbohydrate, 34%E as fat, 16%E as protein and 3%E as fiber) in a continuous (CONTINUOUS; n=10; 24 h.day-1 at a constant rate) or intermittent (INTERMITTENT; n=10; as 4 meals per day separated by 5 hours) pattern. Daily plasma samples were taken every morning to assess metabolite/hormone concentrations.
Results: During bed rest, plasma leptin concentrations were elevated to a lesser extent with INTERMITTENT vs CONTINUOUS (iAUC: 0.42±0.38 vs 0.95±0.48 nmol.L-1, respectively; P=0.014) as were insulin concentrations (interaction effect, P<0.001) which reached a peak of 369±225 pmol.L-1 in CONTINUOUS, compared to 94±38 pmol.L-1 in INTERMITTENT (P = 0.001). Changes in glucose infusion rate were positively correlated with changes in fasting plasma GLP-1 concentrations (r=0.44, P=0.049).
Conclusion: Intermittent enteral nutrition attenuates the progressive rise in plasma leptin and insulinemia seen with continuous feeding during bed rest, suggesting that continuous feeding increases insulin requirements to maintain euglycemia. This raises the possibility that hepatic insulin sensitivity is impaired to a greater extent with continuous versus intermittent feeding during bed rest. To attenuate endocrine and metabolic changes with enteral feeding, an intermittent feeding strategy may therefore be preferable to continuous provision of nutrition.
U2 - 10.1007/s00421-020-04431-4
DO - 10.1007/s00421-020-04431-4
M3 - Article
VL - 120
SP - 2083
EP - 2094
JO - European Journal of Applied Physiology
JF - European Journal of Applied Physiology
SN - 1439-6319
ER -