Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations

Gunter Stober; Ales Kuchar; Dimitry Pokhotelov; Huixin Liu; Han Li Liu; Hauke Schmidt; Christoph Jacobi; Kathrin Baumgarten; Peter Brown; Diego Janches; Damian Murphy; Alexander Kozlovsky; Mark Lester; Evgenia Belova; Johan Kero; Nicholas Mitchell

doi:10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021

Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations

Gunter Stober, Ales Kuchar, Dimitry Pokhotelov, Huixin Liu, Han Li Liu, Hauke Schmidt, Christoph Jacobi, Kathrin Baumgarten, Peter Brown, Diego Janches, Damian Murphy, Alexander Kozlovsky, Mark Lester, Evgenia Belova, Johan Kero, Nicholas Mitchell

Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

Long-term and continuous observations of mesospheric-lower thermospheric winds are rare, but they are important to investigate climatological changes at these altitudes on timescales of several years, covering a solar cycle and longer. Such long time series are a natural heritage of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere climate, and they are valuable to compare climate models or long-term runs of general circulation models (GCMs). Here we present a climatological comparison of wind observations from six meteor radars at two conjugate latitudes to validate the corresponding mean winds and atmospheric diurnal and semidiurnal tides from three GCMs, namely the Ground-to-Topside Model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA), the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Extension (Specified Dynamics) (WACCM-X(SD)), and the Upper Atmosphere ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic (UA-ICON) model. Our results indicate that there are interhemispheric differences in the seasonal characteristics of the diurnal and semidiurnal tide. There are also some differences in the mean wind climatologies of the models and the observations. Our results indicate that GAIA shows reasonable agreement with the meteor radar observations during the winter season, whereas WACCM-X(SD) shows better agreement with the radars for the hemispheric zonal summer wind reversal, which is more consistent with the meteor radar observations. The free-running UA-ICON tends to show similar winds and tides compared to WACCM-X(SD).

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	13855-13902
Number of pages	48
Journal	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Volume	21
Issue number	18
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021
Publication status	Published - 17 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Financial support. Ales Kuchar and Christoph Jacobi acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant no. JA 836/43-1. Huixin Liu acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 18H01270, 18H04446, 17KK0095, and JRPs-LEAD with DFG. Han-Li Liu’s effort is partially supported by NASA (grant nos. 80NSSC20K1323, 80NSSC20K0601, 80NSSC20K0633) and the NSF (grant no. OPP 1443726). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. 1852977. Operation of the Davis meteor radar is supported through Australian Antarctic Science projects 2668, 4025, and 4445. Diego Janches was supported by the NASA Heliophysics ISFM program. TDF’s operation is supported by NASA NESC assessment TI-17-01204. This work was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC18M0046. PGB’s operation was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agree- ment no. 80NSSC21M0073. PGB also acknowledges funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2016-04433) and the Canada Research Chairs program (grant no. 950-231930).

Funding Information:
Ales Kuchar and Christoph Jacobi acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant no. JA 836/43-1. Huixin Liu acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 18H01270, 18H04446, 17KK0095, and JRPs-LEAD with DFG. Han-Li Liu s effort is partially supported by NASA (grant nos. 80NSSC20K1323, 80NSSC20K0601, 80NSSC20K0633) and the NSF (grant no. OPP 1443726). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. 1852977. Operation of the Davis meteor radar is supported through Australian Antarctic Science projects 2668, 4025, and 4445. Diego Janches was supported by the NASA Heliophysics ISFM program. TDF s operation is supported by NASA NESC assessment TI-17-01204. This work was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC18M0046. PGB s operation was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC21M0073. PGB also acknowledges funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2016-04433) and the Canada Research Chairs program (grant no. 950-231930).

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Atmospheric Science

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

Stober, G., Kuchar, A., Pokhotelov, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. L., Schmidt, H., Jacobi, C., Baumgarten, K., Brown, P., Janches, D., Murphy, D., Kozlovsky, A., Lester, M., Belova, E., Kero, J., & Mitchell, N. (2021). Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 21(18), 13855-13902. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021

Stober, G, Kuchar, A, Pokhotelov, D, Liu, H, Liu, HL, Schmidt, H, Jacobi, C, Baumgarten, K, Brown, P, Janches, D, Murphy, D, Kozlovsky, A, Lester, M, Belova, E, Kero, J & Mitchell, N 2021, 'Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 21, no. 18, pp. 13855-13902. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021

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title = "Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations",

abstract = "Long-term and continuous observations of mesospheric-lower thermospheric winds are rare, but they are important to investigate climatological changes at these altitudes on timescales of several years, covering a solar cycle and longer. Such long time series are a natural heritage of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere climate, and they are valuable to compare climate models or long-term runs of general circulation models (GCMs). Here we present a climatological comparison of wind observations from six meteor radars at two conjugate latitudes to validate the corresponding mean winds and atmospheric diurnal and semidiurnal tides from three GCMs, namely the Ground-to-Topside Model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA), the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Extension (Specified Dynamics) (WACCM-X(SD)), and the Upper Atmosphere ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic (UA-ICON) model. Our results indicate that there are interhemispheric differences in the seasonal characteristics of the diurnal and semidiurnal tide. There are also some differences in the mean wind climatologies of the models and the observations. Our results indicate that GAIA shows reasonable agreement with the meteor radar observations during the winter season, whereas WACCM-X(SD) shows better agreement with the radars for the hemispheric zonal summer wind reversal, which is more consistent with the meteor radar observations. The free-running UA-ICON tends to show similar winds and tides compared to WACCM-X(SD).",

author = "Gunter Stober and Ales Kuchar and Dimitry Pokhotelov and Huixin Liu and Liu, {Han Li} and Hauke Schmidt and Christoph Jacobi and Kathrin Baumgarten and Peter Brown and Diego Janches and Damian Murphy and Alexander Kozlovsky and Mark Lester and Evgenia Belova and Johan Kero and Nicholas Mitchell",

note = "Funding Information: Financial support. Ales Kuchar and Christoph Jacobi acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant no. JA 836/43-1. Huixin Liu acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 18H01270, 18H04446, 17KK0095, and JRPs-LEAD with DFG. Han-Li Liu{\textquoteright}s effort is partially supported by NASA (grant nos. 80NSSC20K1323, 80NSSC20K0601, 80NSSC20K0633) and the NSF (grant no. OPP 1443726). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. 1852977. Operation of the Davis meteor radar is supported through Australian Antarctic Science projects 2668, 4025, and 4445. Diego Janches was supported by the NASA Heliophysics ISFM program. TDF{\textquoteright}s operation is supported by NASA NESC assessment TI-17-01204. This work was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC18M0046. PGB{\textquoteright}s operation was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agree- ment no. 80NSSC21M0073. PGB also acknowledges funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2016-04433) and the Canada Research Chairs program (grant no. 950-231930). Funding Information: Ales Kuchar and Christoph Jacobi acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant no. JA 836/43-1. Huixin Liu acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 18H01270, 18H04446, 17KK0095, and JRPs-LEAD with DFG. Han-Li Liu s effort is partially supported by NASA (grant nos. 80NSSC20K1323, 80NSSC20K0601, 80NSSC20K0633) and the NSF (grant no. OPP 1443726). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. 1852977. Operation of the Davis meteor radar is supported through Australian Antarctic Science projects 2668, 4025, and 4445. Diego Janches was supported by the NASA Heliophysics ISFM program. TDF s operation is supported by NASA NESC assessment TI-17-01204. This work was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC18M0046. PGB s operation was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC21M0073. PGB also acknowledges funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2016-04433) and the Canada Research Chairs program (grant no. 950-231930). ",

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doi = "10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021",

language = "English",

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journal = "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics",

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T1 - Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations

AU - Stober, Gunter

AU - Kuchar, Ales

AU - Pokhotelov, Dimitry

AU - Liu, Huixin

AU - Liu, Han Li

AU - Schmidt, Hauke

AU - Jacobi, Christoph

AU - Baumgarten, Kathrin

AU - Brown, Peter

AU - Janches, Diego

AU - Murphy, Damian

AU - Kozlovsky, Alexander

AU - Lester, Mark

AU - Belova, Evgenia

AU - Kero, Johan

AU - Mitchell, Nicholas

N1 - Funding Information: Financial support. Ales Kuchar and Christoph Jacobi acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant no. JA 836/43-1. Huixin Liu acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 18H01270, 18H04446, 17KK0095, and JRPs-LEAD with DFG. Han-Li Liu’s effort is partially supported by NASA (grant nos. 80NSSC20K1323, 80NSSC20K0601, 80NSSC20K0633) and the NSF (grant no. OPP 1443726). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. 1852977. Operation of the Davis meteor radar is supported through Australian Antarctic Science projects 2668, 4025, and 4445. Diego Janches was supported by the NASA Heliophysics ISFM program. TDF’s operation is supported by NASA NESC assessment TI-17-01204. This work was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC18M0046. PGB’s operation was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agree- ment no. 80NSSC21M0073. PGB also acknowledges funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2016-04433) and the Canada Research Chairs program (grant no. 950-231930). Funding Information: Ales Kuchar and Christoph Jacobi acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant no. JA 836/43-1. Huixin Liu acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 18H01270, 18H04446, 17KK0095, and JRPs-LEAD with DFG. Han-Li Liu s effort is partially supported by NASA (grant nos. 80NSSC20K1323, 80NSSC20K0601, 80NSSC20K0633) and the NSF (grant no. OPP 1443726). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement no. 1852977. Operation of the Davis meteor radar is supported through Australian Antarctic Science projects 2668, 4025, and 4445. Diego Janches was supported by the NASA Heliophysics ISFM program. TDF s operation is supported by NASA NESC assessment TI-17-01204. This work was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC18M0046. PGB s operation was supported in part by the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office under cooperative agreement no. 80NSSC21M0073. PGB also acknowledges funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2016-04433) and the Canada Research Chairs program (grant no. 950-231930).

PY - 2021/9/17

Y1 - 2021/9/17

N2 - Long-term and continuous observations of mesospheric-lower thermospheric winds are rare, but they are important to investigate climatological changes at these altitudes on timescales of several years, covering a solar cycle and longer. Such long time series are a natural heritage of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere climate, and they are valuable to compare climate models or long-term runs of general circulation models (GCMs). Here we present a climatological comparison of wind observations from six meteor radars at two conjugate latitudes to validate the corresponding mean winds and atmospheric diurnal and semidiurnal tides from three GCMs, namely the Ground-to-Topside Model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA), the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Extension (Specified Dynamics) (WACCM-X(SD)), and the Upper Atmosphere ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic (UA-ICON) model. Our results indicate that there are interhemispheric differences in the seasonal characteristics of the diurnal and semidiurnal tide. There are also some differences in the mean wind climatologies of the models and the observations. Our results indicate that GAIA shows reasonable agreement with the meteor radar observations during the winter season, whereas WACCM-X(SD) shows better agreement with the radars for the hemispheric zonal summer wind reversal, which is more consistent with the meteor radar observations. The free-running UA-ICON tends to show similar winds and tides compared to WACCM-X(SD).

AB - Long-term and continuous observations of mesospheric-lower thermospheric winds are rare, but they are important to investigate climatological changes at these altitudes on timescales of several years, covering a solar cycle and longer. Such long time series are a natural heritage of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere climate, and they are valuable to compare climate models or long-term runs of general circulation models (GCMs). Here we present a climatological comparison of wind observations from six meteor radars at two conjugate latitudes to validate the corresponding mean winds and atmospheric diurnal and semidiurnal tides from three GCMs, namely the Ground-to-Topside Model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA), the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Extension (Specified Dynamics) (WACCM-X(SD)), and the Upper Atmosphere ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic (UA-ICON) model. Our results indicate that there are interhemispheric differences in the seasonal characteristics of the diurnal and semidiurnal tide. There are also some differences in the mean wind climatologies of the models and the observations. Our results indicate that GAIA shows reasonable agreement with the meteor radar observations during the winter season, whereas WACCM-X(SD) shows better agreement with the radars for the hemispheric zonal summer wind reversal, which is more consistent with the meteor radar observations. The free-running UA-ICON tends to show similar winds and tides compared to WACCM-X(SD).

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Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere-lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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UN SDGs

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