Interfacial electron shuttling processes across Kolliphor®EL monolayer grafted electrodes

Khadijeh Nekoueian, Christopher E Hotchen, Mandana Amiri, Mika Sillanpää, Geoffrey W Nelson, John S Foord, Philip Holdway, Antoine Buchard, Stephen C Parker, Frank Marken

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Abstract

Covalently grafted Kolliphor®EL (a poly-ethylene-glycol based "transporter molecule" for hydrophobic water-insoluble drugs; MW ca. 2486; diameter ca. 3-5 nm) at the surface of a glassy carbon electrode strongly affects the rate of electron transfer for aqueous redox systems such as Fe(CN)63-/4-. XPS data confirm mono-layer grafting after electrochemical anodisation in pure Kolliphor®EL. Based on voltammetry and impedance measurements, the charge transfer process for the Fe(CN)63-/4- probe molecule is completely blocked after Kolliphor®EL grafting and in the absence of a "guest". However, in the presence of low concentrations of suitable ferrocene derivatives as "guests", mediated electron transfer across the mono-layer via a "shuttle mechanism" is observed. The resulting amplification of the ferrocene electroanalytical signal is investigated systematically and compared for 5 ferrocene derivatives. The low concentration electron shuttle efficiency decreases in the sequence dimethylaminomethyl-ferrocene > n-butyl-ferrocene > ferrocene-dimethanol > ferrocene-acetonitrile > ferrocene-acetic acid.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)15458-15465
JournalACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Volume7
Issue number28
Early online date9 Jul 2015
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 22 Jul 2015

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