Influence of copper-impregnated basic oxygen furnace slag on the fresh- and hardened-state properties of antimicrobial mortars

Ismael Justo-Reinoso; Mark T. Hernandez; Wil V. Srubar

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104059

Influence of copper-impregnated basic oxygen furnace slag on the fresh- and hardened-state properties of antimicrobial mortars

Ismael Justo-Reinoso, Mark T. Hernandez, Wil V. Srubar

Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering

University of Colorado

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Microbially induced concrete corrosion (MICC) is recognized as one of the main degradation mechanisms of sewer infrastructure worldwide. To help control this problem, a beneficial reuse path for basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) has emerged in which the incorporation of copper-laden BOFS particles into cementitious materials inhibits the growth of microorganisms responsible for MICC. This study investigated the effect of substituting fine aggregate with copper-laden BOFS particles (0.30–0.85 mm) on the hydration and microstructural evolution of portland cement mortars. In addition, the fate of copper in the cured cementitious matrix is elucidated and reported herein. As revealed by isothermal calorimetry, the total evolved heat at the end of the testing period (118 h) was similar when up to 40% of the fine aggregate mass was replaced with copper-laden BOFS particles of similar size, while delays in setting times were observed. Analysis of microstructural evolution using quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) showed higher C–S–H contents when fine aggregate was replaced with copper-laden BOFS, indicating copper-laden BOFS exhibited some degree of pozzolanic reactivity. Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) revealed that, while trace amounts of copper could be detected throughout the cement matrix, copper was predominantly localized in a 100 μm spherical region surrounding BOFS particles. Moreover, strong binding capacity of Fe-rich BOFS particles for copper was observed. Finally, compressive strengths of mixtures analyzed herein were not affected by the presence of copper-laden BOFS.

Original language	English
Article number	104059
Number of pages	11
Journal	Cement & Concrete Composites
Volume	121
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104059
Publication status	Published - 27 Apr 2021

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge Catherine Lucero of the Bureau of Reclamation (USBR-Denver), Dr. Kate Campbell and Dr. Tyler Kane of the United States Geological Survey (USGS-Boulder), and Dr. Aaron Bell, electron microprobe laboratory manager at the University of Colorado-Boulder, for their support and insights with isothermal calorimetry, XRD, and EMPA tests respectively. This research was partially supported by the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) through the Fellowship No.103259 and by the Department of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering at the University of Colorado-Boulder through a Doctoral Assistantship for Completion of Dissertation. This work represents the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the sponsors. The authors gratefully acknowledge Catherine Lucero of the Bureau of Reclamation (USBR-Denver), Dr. Kate Campbell and Dr. Tyler Kane of the United States Geological Survey (USGS-Boulder), and Dr. Aaron Bell, electron microprobe laboratory manager at the University of Colorado-Boulder, for their support and insights with isothermal calorimetry, XRD, and EMPA tests respectively. This research was partially supported by the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) through the Fellowship No. 103259 and by the Department of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering at the University of Colorado-Boulder through a Doctoral Assistantship for Completion of Dissertation . This work represents the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the sponsors.

Keywords

Antimicrobial mortar
BOFS
Copper
Isothermal calorimetry
Electron microprobe analysis
MICC

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Manuscript BOF Paper March2021.PDFAccepted author manuscript, 5.69 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)
Material and Chemical Characterisation (MC2)
Facility/equipment: Equipment
Edwards Auto 306 Thermal Evaporator
Facility/equipment: Equipment
Instron Testing Machine
Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering
Facility/equipment: Equipment

Cite this

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title = "Influence of copper-impregnated basic oxygen furnace slag on the fresh- and hardened-state properties of antimicrobial mortars",

abstract = "Microbially induced concrete corrosion (MICC) is recognized as one of the main degradation mechanisms of sewer infrastructure worldwide. To help control this problem, a beneficial reuse path for basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) has emerged in which the incorporation of copper-laden BOFS particles into cementitious materials inhibits the growth of microorganisms responsible for MICC. This study investigated the effect of substituting fine aggregate with copper-laden BOFS particles (0.30–0.85 mm) on the hydration and microstructural evolution of portland cement mortars. In addition, the fate of copper in the cured cementitious matrix is elucidated and reported herein. As revealed by isothermal calorimetry, the total evolved heat at the end of the testing period (118 h) was similar when up to 40% of the fine aggregate mass was replaced with copper-laden BOFS particles of similar size, while delays in setting times were observed. Analysis of microstructural evolution using quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) showed higher C–S–H contents when fine aggregate was replaced with copper-laden BOFS, indicating copper-laden BOFS exhibited some degree of pozzolanic reactivity. Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) revealed that, while trace amounts of copper could be detected throughout the cement matrix, copper was predominantly localized in a 100 μm spherical region surrounding BOFS particles. Moreover, strong binding capacity of Fe-rich BOFS particles for copper was observed. Finally, compressive strengths of mixtures analyzed herein were not affected by the presence of copper-laden BOFS.",

keywords = "Antimicrobial mortar, BOFS, Copper, Isothermal calorimetry, Electron microprobe analysis, MICC",

author = "Ismael Justo-Reinoso and Hernandez, {Mark T.} and Srubar, {Wil V.}",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104059",

language = "English",

volume = "121",

journal = "Cement & Concrete Composites",

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T1 - Influence of copper-impregnated basic oxygen furnace slag on the fresh- and hardened-state properties of antimicrobial mortars

AU - Justo-Reinoso, Ismael

AU - Hernandez, Mark T.

AU - Srubar, Wil V.

PY - 2021/4/27

Y1 - 2021/4/27

N2 - Microbially induced concrete corrosion (MICC) is recognized as one of the main degradation mechanisms of sewer infrastructure worldwide. To help control this problem, a beneficial reuse path for basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) has emerged in which the incorporation of copper-laden BOFS particles into cementitious materials inhibits the growth of microorganisms responsible for MICC. This study investigated the effect of substituting fine aggregate with copper-laden BOFS particles (0.30–0.85 mm) on the hydration and microstructural evolution of portland cement mortars. In addition, the fate of copper in the cured cementitious matrix is elucidated and reported herein. As revealed by isothermal calorimetry, the total evolved heat at the end of the testing period (118 h) was similar when up to 40% of the fine aggregate mass was replaced with copper-laden BOFS particles of similar size, while delays in setting times were observed. Analysis of microstructural evolution using quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) showed higher C–S–H contents when fine aggregate was replaced with copper-laden BOFS, indicating copper-laden BOFS exhibited some degree of pozzolanic reactivity. Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) revealed that, while trace amounts of copper could be detected throughout the cement matrix, copper was predominantly localized in a 100 μm spherical region surrounding BOFS particles. Moreover, strong binding capacity of Fe-rich BOFS particles for copper was observed. Finally, compressive strengths of mixtures analyzed herein were not affected by the presence of copper-laden BOFS.

AB - Microbially induced concrete corrosion (MICC) is recognized as one of the main degradation mechanisms of sewer infrastructure worldwide. To help control this problem, a beneficial reuse path for basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) has emerged in which the incorporation of copper-laden BOFS particles into cementitious materials inhibits the growth of microorganisms responsible for MICC. This study investigated the effect of substituting fine aggregate with copper-laden BOFS particles (0.30–0.85 mm) on the hydration and microstructural evolution of portland cement mortars. In addition, the fate of copper in the cured cementitious matrix is elucidated and reported herein. As revealed by isothermal calorimetry, the total evolved heat at the end of the testing period (118 h) was similar when up to 40% of the fine aggregate mass was replaced with copper-laden BOFS particles of similar size, while delays in setting times were observed. Analysis of microstructural evolution using quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) showed higher C–S–H contents when fine aggregate was replaced with copper-laden BOFS, indicating copper-laden BOFS exhibited some degree of pozzolanic reactivity. Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) revealed that, while trace amounts of copper could be detected throughout the cement matrix, copper was predominantly localized in a 100 μm spherical region surrounding BOFS particles. Moreover, strong binding capacity of Fe-rich BOFS particles for copper was observed. Finally, compressive strengths of mixtures analyzed herein were not affected by the presence of copper-laden BOFS.

KW - Antimicrobial mortar

KW - BOFS

KW - Copper

KW - Isothermal calorimetry

KW - Electron microprobe analysis

KW - MICC

U2 - 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104059

DO - 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104059

M3 - Article

SN - 0958-9465

VL - 121

JO - Cement & Concrete Composites

JF - Cement & Concrete Composites

M1 - 104059

ER -

Influence of copper-impregnated basic oxygen furnace slag on the fresh- and hardened-state properties of antimicrobial mortars

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

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Equipment

Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)

Edwards Auto 306 Thermal Evaporator

Instron Testing Machine

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