TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of calcium silicate and hydrophobic agent coatings on thermal, water barrier, mechanical and biodegradation properties of cellulose
AU - Chandrasekaran, Saravanan
AU - Castaing, Remi
AU - Cruz-Izquierdo, Alvaro
AU - Scott, Janet L.
N1 - Funding Information:
4.4. ConclusionsCoAnccluellusiolonsse-filler composite was prepared using CaSiO33 as a filler by a simple disso-lution process. EMIMAc was used as an efficient, recoverable and reu3 sable dissolution medium without adding any organic solvent. The addition of CaSiO3 into cellulose in-creases the thermal and flame retardancy properties. However, the prepared material did not meet the required flame retardancy standard and further research is required to im-prove this behaviour. The hydrophilicity of the cellulose composite was reduced by treat-ing it with efficient hydrophobic agents using a simple dip-coating method. The prepared co◦mposite w◦as mechanically stable in the ranges of temperature and humidity from 25 °C modulus value between 2 GPa and 6 GPa. Enzyme biodegradation studies on the cellulose ulus value between 2 GPa and 6 GPa. Enzyme biodegradation studies on the cellulose cecollmulpoosesibtey dceelmluolanssetrsa. tHedo wtheavtetrh, ceehllyudlarsoepshaorbeincoatgceonmt pcoleatteilnyginreadctuivceedt otwhea rhdysdcreollluysloiss eof cocemllpuolossitee bsyancedllcualnasbese. uHtoilwiseevdetro, cpeallrutilaalsleysbairoed neogtracodme pthleeteolbytaininaectdivceotmowpoasridtes .ceTlhluelroes-e focroem, tphoespitreespaanreddccaenl lbueloustei–liCseadSitOo3pcaormtiaplloysibteiomdeagterraidales tmhea yobbteaisnueidta cbolemapsobsiioted.eTghraedreafbolree, suthbes tprraetepamreadte creiallluslfoosret–hCeanSeiOxt3gcoenmepraotsiiotne mofaetelerciatrlosnmicaydebvei scuesitaanblde caasnbpioadveegtrhaedwabalye sfuorb-msatrtaetreia mlsafoterraiadlvsafnocr etdhebinoedxetggraednaebraletieolne cotrfo enliecctprroondiuccdtse.vices and can pave the way for materials for advanced biodegradable electronic products. Author Contributions: S.C.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Project Administration. R.C.: Data Curation, Investigation, Writing—Review and Editing. A.C.-I.: Methodology, Investigation, Writing—Review and Editing. J.L.S.: Conceptualization, Methodology, A.C.-I.: Methodology, Investigation, Writing—Review and Editing. J.L.S.: Conceptualization, Meth-odology, Supervision, Project Administration, Funding Acquisition. All authors have read and Funding: This project work was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Funding: This project work was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) with project Reference number: EP/K026380/1, United Kingdom. Janet L Scott received this DraetsaeaArvchai glarbainlti.ty Statement: The Data presented in this study are available from the corrosponding authors upon request. Data Availability Statement: The Data presented in this study are available from the corrosponding Acknowledgments: Authors gratefully acknowledge the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research authors upon request. Council (EPSRC) and the United Kingdom for funding the CLEVER project. The authors thank alAl cthkenopwroljeedctgcmoellnabtso:rAatuotrhsofrrsomgrNateewfuclalystaleckUnnoiwvelresdigtye, UthneivEenrsgiitnyeoerfiOngxfaonrdd, UPhnyivsiecraslitSycoiefnScuersreRye- ansedarLcohuCghobuonrcoilu(gEhPUSRnCiv)earsnidtytfhoer UthneiitrekdinKdinsgudpopmortfodru fruinngditnhge tChLeECVLEERVpErRojepcrtodjeicstc.uTshsieonau. tSh.Cor.s anthdanJ.kL.aSl.ltthhaenpkrtohjeecUt cnoilvlaebrsoirtyatoorfsBfartohm, DNeepwarctamstelentUonfiCvehresmityic,aUlnEinvgeirnsieteyrionfgOsxtafoffrdfo,rUtnhievierrgsriteyatof suSpurproerytadnudriLnogutghheborersoeuagrhch Uancitvievristiietys fionrtthheeiirr fkaicnidlitsiueps.poMrtadteurriainlgchthaeraCcLteErVisEatRiopnrofjaeccitlidtiiesscuwsseiroen. pSro.Cv.idanedd Jt.hLr.oSu. tghhanthkethMeaUtenriivaelrasnitdy oCfhBeamthic,aDleCphaartrmacetnertiosfaCtiohnemFiaccailliEtyng(MinCee2r)inagt tshtaefUf fnoirv tehresiirt ygroefat
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/6/4
Y1 - 2021/6/4
N2 - Thin films of cellulose and cellulose–CaSiO3 composites were prepared using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc) as the dissolution medium and the composites were regenerated from an anti-solvent. The surface hydrophilicity of the resultant cellulose composites was lowered by coating them with three different hydrophobizing agents, specifically, trichloro(octadecyl)silane (TOS), ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate (E2CA) and octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA), using a simple dip-coating technique. The prepared materials were subjected to flame retardancy, water barrier, thermal, mechanical and biodegradation properties analyses. The addition of CaSiO3 into the cellulose in-creased the degradation temperature and flame retardant properties of the cellulose. The water barrier property of cellulose–CaSiO3 composites under long term water exposure completely de-pends on the nature of the hydrophobic agents used for the surface modification process. All of the cellulose composites behaved mechanically as a pure elastic material with a glassy state from room temperature to 250◦ C, and from 20% to 70% relative humidity (RH). The presence of the CaSiO3 filler had no effect on the elastic modulus, but it seemed to increase after the TOS surface treatment. Biodegradability of the cellulose was evaluated by enzyme treatments and the influence of CaSiO3 and hydrophobic agents was also derived.
AB - Thin films of cellulose and cellulose–CaSiO3 composites were prepared using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc) as the dissolution medium and the composites were regenerated from an anti-solvent. The surface hydrophilicity of the resultant cellulose composites was lowered by coating them with three different hydrophobizing agents, specifically, trichloro(octadecyl)silane (TOS), ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate (E2CA) and octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA), using a simple dip-coating technique. The prepared materials were subjected to flame retardancy, water barrier, thermal, mechanical and biodegradation properties analyses. The addition of CaSiO3 into the cellulose in-creased the degradation temperature and flame retardant properties of the cellulose. The water barrier property of cellulose–CaSiO3 composites under long term water exposure completely de-pends on the nature of the hydrophobic agents used for the surface modification process. All of the cellulose composites behaved mechanically as a pure elastic material with a glassy state from room temperature to 250◦ C, and from 20% to 70% relative humidity (RH). The presence of the CaSiO3 filler had no effect on the elastic modulus, but it seemed to increase after the TOS surface treatment. Biodegradability of the cellulose was evaluated by enzyme treatments and the influence of CaSiO3 and hydrophobic agents was also derived.
KW - Biodegradability
KW - CaSiO
KW - Cellulose
KW - Coatings
KW - Hydrophobic agent coatings
KW - Ionic liquid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107191617&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nano11061488
DO - 10.3390/nano11061488
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107191617
SN - 2079-4991
VL - 11
JO - Nanomaterials
JF - Nanomaterials
IS - 6
M1 - 1488
ER -