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Inferring neutral winds in the ionospheric transition region from atmospheric-gravity-wave traveling-ionospheric-disturbance (AGW-TID) observations with the EISCAT VHF radar and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster

  • F. Günzkofer
  • , Dimitry Pokhotelov
  • , Gunter Stober
  • , Ingrid Mann
  • , Sharon L. Vadas
  • , Erich Becker
  • , A. Tjulin
  • , Alexander Kozlovsky
  • , Masaki Tsutsumi
  • , Njål Gulbrandsen
  • , Satonori Nozawa
  • , Mark Lester
  • , Evgenia Belova
  • , Johan Kero
  • , Nicholas Mitchell
  • , C. Borries
  • Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‑ und Raumfahrt
  • University of Greifswald
  • Leibniz-Inst. fur Atmospharenphysik
  • University of Bern
  • UiT The Arctic University of Norway
  • North West Research Associates
  • EISCAT Scientific Association
  • Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory
  • The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
  • National Institute of Polar Research
  • University of Tromsø
  • Nagoya University
  • University of Leicester
  • Institute for Space Physics (IRF)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Atmospheric gravity waves and traveling ionospheric disturbances can be observed in the neutral atmosphere and the ionosphere at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Especially at medium scales, these oscillations are often not resolved in general circulation models and are parameterized. We show that ionospheric disturbances forced by upward-propagating atmospheric gravity waves can be simultaneously observed with the EISCAT very high frequency incoherent scatter radar and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster. From combined multi-static measurements, both vertical and horizontal wave parameters can be determined by applying a specially developed Fourier filter analysis method. This method is demonstrated using the example of a strongly pronounced wave mode that occurred during the EISCAT experiment on 7 July 2020. Leveraging the developed technique, we show that the wave characteristics of traveling ionospheric disturbances are notably impacted by the fall transition of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We also demonstrate the application of using the determined wave parameters to infer the thermospheric neutral wind velocities. Applying the dissipative anelastic gravity wave dispersion relation, we obtain vertical wind profiles in the lower thermosphere.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)409-428
Number of pages20
JournalAnnales Geophysicae
Volume41
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 18 Oct 2023

Funding

This research has been supported by the STFC (grant no. ST/S000429/1) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, grant no. 17H02968). This research has been supported by the Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (grant no. 200021-200517/1). Ingrid Mann is supported by the Research Council of Norway (grant no. NFR 275503). Sharon L. Vadas was supported by NSF grant AGS-1832988. FG performed the data analysis and wrote large parts of the paper. DP, GS, and IM suggested the idea for the multi-static EISCAT experiment and were the principal investigators (PIs) of the July 2020 EISCAT campaign. AT provided the analysis of ion velocity vectors and helped to plan the EISCAT experiments. SLV suggested the application of Fourier filters, and SLV and ErB provided feedback on the AGW-TID analysis. AK, MT, NG, SN, ML, EvB, JK, and NLM are PIs of the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster. All the authors provided feedback and were involved in revising the manuscript. The supervision of FG by CB is supported by the University of Bern.

FundersFunder number
National Science FoundationAGS-1832988
University of Bern
Science and Technology Facilities CouncilST/S000429/1
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science17H02968
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung200021-200517/1
Norges ForskningsrådNFR 275503

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