Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Blast Furnace Slag Binders Activated with Alkali Acetates

Yuyan Huang; Alastair T. M. Marsh; Zengliang Yue; Sreejith Krishnan; Samuel Adu-Amankwah; Susan A. Bernal

doi:10.1021/acsomega.4c04857

Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Blast Furnace Slag Binders Activated with Alkali Acetates

Yuyan Huang, Alastair T. M. Marsh, Zengliang Yue, Sreejith Krishnan, Samuel Adu-Amankwah, Susan A. Bernal

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (SciVal)

Abstract

Hybrid organic–inorganic binders based on blast furnace slag were produced using sodium (NaAc) or potassium (KAc) acetate as the sole activator, and their properties were compared with those of sodium- or potassium hydroxide-activated slag pastes. The acetate-activated binders showed significantly lower cumulative heat release and extended setting time (∼230 h) than the hydroxide-activated binders. The main reaction products forming in all binders were calcium aluminosilicate hydrate-type gels and a hydrotalcite-like phase, independently of the activator type used. Compressive strengths of the acetate-activated pastes (∼40 MPa at 180 days) were lower than those of the hydroxide-activated binders (∼80 MPa at 180 days). However, the acetate-based binders exhibited superior impermeability and reduced wettability at 28 days, likely due to hydrophobic acetate groups. It is hypothesized that acetates dissociate in water, forming calcium acetate and alkali silicates via a reaction with species dissolving from the slag. This study demonstrates alkali acetates are effective activators for creating hybrid slag-based binders with reduced permeability.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	35888-35905
Number of pages	18
Journal	ACS OMEGA
Volume	9
Issue number	33
Early online date	9 Aug 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c04857
Publication status	Published - 20 Aug 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

Data Availability Statement

The database of the results reported in this study is available at https://doi.org/10.5518/1548.

Acknowledgements

Stuart King is greatly acknowledged for the training in SEM sample preparation.

Funding

This study was sponsored by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) via the Early Career Fellowship EP/R001642/1. Y.H. is grateful to the University of Leeds and the China Scholarship Council for sponsoring her Ph.D. studies via scholarship no. 201906260625. The SEM analysis was conducted at the UKCRIC National Centre for Infrastructure Materials at the University of Leeds, grant EP/P017169/1. Stuart King is greatly acknowledged for the training in SEM sample preparation.

Funders	Funder number
University of Leeds
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council	EP/R001642/1
Shanxi Scholarship Council of China	201906260625

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abstract = "Hybrid organic–inorganic binders based on blast furnace slag were produced using sodium (NaAc) or potassium (KAc) acetate as the sole activator, and their properties were compared with those of sodium- or potassium hydroxide-activated slag pastes. The acetate-activated binders showed significantly lower cumulative heat release and extended setting time (∼230 h) than the hydroxide-activated binders. The main reaction products forming in all binders were calcium aluminosilicate hydrate-type gels and a hydrotalcite-like phase, independently of the activator type used. Compressive strengths of the acetate-activated pastes (∼40 MPa at 180 days) were lower than those of the hydroxide-activated binders (∼80 MPa at 180 days). However, the acetate-based binders exhibited superior impermeability and reduced wettability at 28 days, likely due to hydrophobic acetate groups. It is hypothesized that acetates dissociate in water, forming calcium acetate and alkali silicates via a reaction with species dissolving from the slag. This study demonstrates alkali acetates are effective activators for creating hybrid slag-based binders with reduced permeability.",

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Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Blast Furnace Slag Binders Activated with Alkali Acetates

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Availability Statement

Acknowledgements

Funding

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