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Abstract
We have designed and synthesized three nona-coordinated organoeuropium complexes (OEuCs) with the general formula [Eu(btfa) 3(FurTerPy)] (Eu1), [Eu(btfa) 3(ThioTerPy)] (Eu2), and [Eu(btfa) 3(NapTerPy)] (Eu3) by employing a primary 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione (btfa) antenna ligand and three functionalized 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (TerPy) ligands bearing different electron-donating groups at the 4′ position, namely, FurTerPy = 4′-(furan-2-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine; ThioTerPy = 4′-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine; and NapTerPy = 4′-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine. The detailed photophysical properties of Eu1, Eu2, and Eu3 were analyzed using both experimental and computational methods. By analyzing the experimental and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) data in conjunction with the Lanthanide Luminescence Software Package (LUMPAC), we further elucidated the energy transfer processes in the OEuCs. Finally, the complexes were tested as the emitting layer (EML) in a multilayered device to fabricate red organic light-emitting diodes (R-OLED). Through optimization and device engineering, we have achieved a remarkable electroluminescence (EL) performance of maximum current efficiency (η c) = 12.32 cd/A, maximum power efficiency (η p) = 11.73 lm/W, and maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE max) = 10.20%, respectively, for the Eu3-based double-EML OLED. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest reported overall EL performance among the OEuCs until now.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2624-2638 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | ACS Applied Electronic Materials |
Volume | 6 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 2 Apr 2024 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 23 Apr 2024 |
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available in the Supporting Information of this article.Funding
M.S.K. acknowledges His Majesty\u2019s Trust Fund for Strategic Research (grant no. SR/SQU/SCI/CHEM/21/01) and The Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (MoHERI), Oman (Grant: RC/RG-SCI/CHEM/23/01), for funding. R.I. thanks HM\u2019s Trust Fund for a postdoctoral fellowship. J.D.L.D. appreciates the financial support from the Brazilian funding agencies CAPES, CNPq (421733/2018-7), and FACEPE (APQ-0675-1.06/14). G.S.S. thanks FAPITEC-SE (FAPITEC/SE/FUNTEC N\u00B0 06/2022) for a scientific initiation fellowship. L.Z. is grateful for the financial aid from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62174160). W.-Y.W. thanks the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (PolyU 15305320), the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials (2019B121205002), the CAS-Croucher Funding Scheme for Joint Laboratories (ZH4A), the Research Institute for Smart Energy (CDAQ), and the Endowed Professorship in Energy from Clarea Au (847S), both from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, for the financial support. P.R.R. is grateful to the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for funding (Grant EP/K004956/1).
Funders | Funder number |
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Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe | |
CAS-Croucher Funding Scheme for Joint Laboratories | |
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | |
Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior | |
ZH4A | |
HM’s Trust Fund | |
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico | 421733/2018-7 |
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico | |
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee | PolyU 15305320, 2019B121205002 |
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee | |
Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco | APQ-0675-1.06/14 |
Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco | |
National Natural Science Foundation of China | 62174160 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China | |
Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation | RC/RG-SCI/CHEM/23/01 |
Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation | |
FAPITEC/SE/FUNTEC | 06/2022 |
His Majesty’s Trust Fund for Strategic Research | SR/SQU/SCI/CHEM/21/01 |
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council | EP/K004956/1 |
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council |
Keywords
- 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione
- Förster energy transfer
- carrier trapping
- energy transfer mechanism
- europium(III)
- red electroluminescence
- terpyridine
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Materials Chemistry
- Electrochemistry
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Dive into the research topics of 'Highly Efficient Red Emitting OLEDs Prepared from Nona-Coordinated Europium(III) Complexes'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
- 1 Finished
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Applying Long-Lived Metastable States in Switchable Functionality via Kinetic Control of Molecular Assembly
Raithby, P. (PI), Burrows, A. (CoI), Lewis, D. (CoI), Marken, F. (CoI), Parker, S. (CoI), Walsh, A. (CoI) & Wilson, C. (CoI)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
1/11/12 → 30/04/18
Project: Research council