GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB

J F Agüí fernández; C C Thöne; D A Kann; A De ugarte postigo; J Selsing; P Schady; R M Yates; J Greiner; S R Oates; D B Malesani; D Xu; A Klotz; S Campana; A Rossi; D A Perley; M Blažek; P D’avanzo; A Giunta; D Hartmann; K E Heintz; P Jakobsson; C C Kirkpatrick iv; C Kouveliotou; A Melandri; G Pugliese; R Salvaterra; R L C Starling; N R Tanvir; S D Vergani; K Wiersema

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad099

GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB

J F Agüí fernández, C C Thöne, D A Kann, A De ugarte postigo, J Selsing, P Schady, R M Yates, J Greiner, S R Oates, D B Malesani, D Xu, A Klotz, S Campana, A Rossi, D A Perley, M Blažek, P D’avanzo, A Giunta, D Hartmann, K E HeintzP Jakobsson, C C Kirkpatrick iv, C Kouveliotou, A Melandri, G Pugliese, R Salvaterra, R L C Starling, N R Tanvir, S D Vergani, K Wiersema

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Abstract

Short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) are produced by the coalescence of compact binary systems which are remnants of massive stars. GRB 160410A is classified as a short-duration GRB with extended emission and is currently the farthest SGRB with a redshift determined from an afterglow spectrum and also one of the brightest SGRBs to date. The fast reaction to the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory alert allowed us to obtain a spectrum of the afterglow using the X-shooter spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The spectrum shows several absorption features at a redshift of z = 1.7177, in addition, we detect two intervening systems at z = 1.581 and z = 1.444. The spectrum shows Ly α in absorption with a column density of log (N(H I)/cm2) = 21.2 ± 0.2 which, together with Fe II, C II, Si II, Al II, and O I, allow us to perform the first study of chemical abundances in a SGRB host galaxy. We determine a metallicity of [X/H] = −2.3 ± 0.2 for Fe II and −2.5 ± 0.2 for Si II and no dust depletion. We also find no evidence for extinction in the afterglow spectral energy distribution modelling. The environment has a low degree of ionization and the C IV and Si IV lines are completely absent. We do not detect an underlying host galaxy down to deep limits. Additionally, we compare GRB 160410A to GRB 201221D, another high-z short GRB that shows absorption lines at z = 1.045 and an underlying massive host galaxy.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	613-636
Number of pages	24
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	520
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad099
Publication status	Published - 16 Jan 2023

Funding

JFAF acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades through the grant PRE2018-086507. DAK and JFAF acknowledge support from Spanish National Research Project RTI2018-098104-J-I00 (GRBPhot). AdUP acknowledges funding from a Ramón y Cajal fellowship (RyC-2012-09975). MB acknowledges funding associated to a personal tecnico de apoyo fellowship (PTA2016-13192-I). DBM acknowledges research grant 19054 from VILLUM FONDEN. Part of the funding for Gamma-Ray burst Optical and Near-infrared Detector (GROND) (both hardware as well as personnel) was generously granted from the Leibniz Prize to Prof. G. Hasinger (DFG grant HA 1850/28-1). AR acknowledges support from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) project Premiale Supporto Arizona & Italia. JFAF would like to thanks Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society for waving the page charges.

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GRB 160410A The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB
This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Agüí fernández, J F et al. "GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2023, 520(1). 613-636. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad099 is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/520/1/613/6988198?login=true
Final published version, 5.71 MBLicence: Unspecified

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Agüí fernández, J. F., Thöne, C. C., Kann, D. A., De ugarte postigo, A., Selsing, J., Schady, P., Yates, R. M., Greiner, J., Oates, S. R., Malesani, D. B., Xu, D., Klotz, A., Campana, S., Rossi, A., Perley, D. A., Blažek, M., D’avanzo, P., Giunta, A., Hartmann, D., ... Wiersema, K. (2023). GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 520(1), 613-636. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad099

Agüí fernández, JF, Thöne, CC, Kann, DA, De ugarte postigo, A, Selsing, J, Schady, P, Yates, RM, Greiner, J, Oates, SR, Malesani, DB, Xu, D, Klotz, A, Campana, S, Rossi, A, Perley, DA, Blažek, M, D’avanzo, P, Giunta, A, Hartmann, D, Heintz, KE, Jakobsson, P, Kirkpatrick iv, CC, Kouveliotou, C, Melandri, A, Pugliese, G, Salvaterra, R, Starling, RLC, Tanvir, NR, Vergani, SD & Wiersema, K 2023, 'GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 520, no. 1, pp. 613-636. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad099

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title = "GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB",

abstract = "Short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) are produced by the coalescence of compact binary systems which are remnants of massive stars. GRB 160410A is classified as a short-duration GRB with extended emission and is currently the farthest SGRB with a redshift determined from an afterglow spectrum and also one of the brightest SGRBs to date. The fast reaction to the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory alert allowed us to obtain a spectrum of the afterglow using the X-shooter spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The spectrum shows several absorption features at a redshift of z = 1.7177, in addition, we detect two intervening systems at z = 1.581 and z = 1.444. The spectrum shows Ly α in absorption with a column density of log (N(H I)/cm2) = 21.2 ± 0.2 which, together with Fe II, C II, Si II, Al II, and O I, allow us to perform the first study of chemical abundances in a SGRB host galaxy. We determine a metallicity of [X/H] = −2.3 ± 0.2 for Fe II and −2.5 ± 0.2 for Si II and no dust depletion. We also find no evidence for extinction in the afterglow spectral energy distribution modelling. The environment has a low degree of ionization and the C IV and Si IV lines are completely absent. We do not detect an underlying host galaxy down to deep limits. Additionally, we compare GRB 160410A to GRB 201221D, another high-z short GRB that shows absorption lines at z = 1.045 and an underlying massive host galaxy.",

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T2 - The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB

AU - Agüí fernández, J F

AU - Thöne, C C

AU - Kann, D A

AU - De ugarte postigo, A

AU - Selsing, J

AU - Schady, P

AU - Yates, R M

AU - Greiner, J

AU - Oates, S R

AU - Malesani, D B

AU - Xu, D

AU - Klotz, A

AU - Campana, S

AU - Rossi, A

AU - Perley, D A

AU - Blažek, M

AU - D’avanzo, P

AU - Giunta, A

AU - Hartmann, D

AU - Heintz, K E

AU - Jakobsson, P

AU - Kirkpatrick iv, C C

AU - Kouveliotou, C

AU - Melandri, A

AU - Pugliese, G

AU - Salvaterra, R

AU - Starling, R L C

AU - Tanvir, N R

AU - Vergani, S D

AU - Wiersema, K

PY - 2023/1/16

Y1 - 2023/1/16

N2 - Short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) are produced by the coalescence of compact binary systems which are remnants of massive stars. GRB 160410A is classified as a short-duration GRB with extended emission and is currently the farthest SGRB with a redshift determined from an afterglow spectrum and also one of the brightest SGRBs to date. The fast reaction to the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory alert allowed us to obtain a spectrum of the afterglow using the X-shooter spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The spectrum shows several absorption features at a redshift of z = 1.7177, in addition, we detect two intervening systems at z = 1.581 and z = 1.444. The spectrum shows Ly α in absorption with a column density of log (N(H I)/cm2) = 21.2 ± 0.2 which, together with Fe II, C II, Si II, Al II, and O I, allow us to perform the first study of chemical abundances in a SGRB host galaxy. We determine a metallicity of [X/H] = −2.3 ± 0.2 for Fe II and −2.5 ± 0.2 for Si II and no dust depletion. We also find no evidence for extinction in the afterglow spectral energy distribution modelling. The environment has a low degree of ionization and the C IV and Si IV lines are completely absent. We do not detect an underlying host galaxy down to deep limits. Additionally, we compare GRB 160410A to GRB 201221D, another high-z short GRB that shows absorption lines at z = 1.045 and an underlying massive host galaxy.

AB - Short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) are produced by the coalescence of compact binary systems which are remnants of massive stars. GRB 160410A is classified as a short-duration GRB with extended emission and is currently the farthest SGRB with a redshift determined from an afterglow spectrum and also one of the brightest SGRBs to date. The fast reaction to the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory alert allowed us to obtain a spectrum of the afterglow using the X-shooter spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The spectrum shows several absorption features at a redshift of z = 1.7177, in addition, we detect two intervening systems at z = 1.581 and z = 1.444. The spectrum shows Ly α in absorption with a column density of log (N(H I)/cm2) = 21.2 ± 0.2 which, together with Fe II, C II, Si II, Al II, and O I, allow us to perform the first study of chemical abundances in a SGRB host galaxy. We determine a metallicity of [X/H] = −2.3 ± 0.2 for Fe II and −2.5 ± 0.2 for Si II and no dust depletion. We also find no evidence for extinction in the afterglow spectral energy distribution modelling. The environment has a low degree of ionization and the C IV and Si IV lines are completely absent. We do not detect an underlying host galaxy down to deep limits. Additionally, we compare GRB 160410A to GRB 201221D, another high-z short GRB that shows absorption lines at z = 1.045 and an underlying massive host galaxy.

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DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad099

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JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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GRB 160410A: The first chemical study of the interstellar medium of a short GRB

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