Follow-up of the Neutron Star Bearing Gravitational-wave Candidate Events S190425z and S190426c with MMT and SOAR

G. Hosseinzadeh, P. S. Cowperthwaite, S. Gomez, V. A. Villar, M. Nicholl, R. Margutti, E. Berger, R. Chornock, K. Paterson, W. Fong, V. Savchenko, P. Short, K. D. Alexander, P. K. Blanchard, J. Braga, M. L. Calkins, R. Cartier, D. L. Coppejans, T. Eftekhari, T. LaskarC. Ly, L. Patton, I. Pelisoli, D. E. Reichart, G. Terreran, P. K.G. Williams

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

73 Citations (SciVal)
47 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

On 2019 April 25.346 and 26.640 UT the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo gravitational-wave (GW) observatory announced the detection of the first candidate events in Observing Run 3 that contained at least one neutron star (NS). S190425z is a likely binary neutron star (BNS) merger at dL = 156 ± 41 Mpc, while S190426c is possibly the first NS-black hole (BH) merger ever detected, at dL = 377 ± 100 Mpc, although with marginal statistical significance. Here we report our optical follow-up observations for both events using the MMT 6.5 m telescope, as well as our spectroscopic follow-up of candidate counterparts (which turned out to be unrelated) with the 4.1 m SOAR telescope. We compare to publicly reported searches, explore the overall areal coverage and depth, and evaluate those in relation to the optical/near-infrared (NIR) kilonova emission from the BNS merger GW170817, to theoretical kilonova models, and to short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) afterglows. We find that for a GW170817-like kilonova, the partial volume covered spans up to about 40% for S190425z and 60% for S190426c. For an on-axis jet typical of SGRBs, the search effective volume is larger, but such a configuration is expected in at most a few percent of mergers. We further find that wide-field γ-ray and X-ray limits rule out luminous on-axis SGRBs, for a large fraction of the localization regions, although these searches are not sufficiently deep in the context of the γ-ray emission from GW170817 or off-axis SGRB afterglows. The results indicate that some optical follow-up searches are sufficiently deep for counterpart identification to about 300 Mpc, but that localizations better than 1000 deg2 are likely essential.

Original languageEnglish
Article numberL4
JournalAstrophysical Journal Letters
Volume880
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 18 Jul 2019

Funding

G. Hosseinzadeh P. S. Cowperthwaite S. Gomez V. A. Villar M. Nicholl R. Margutti E. Berger R. Chornock K. Paterson W. Fong V. Savchenko P. Short K. D. Alexander P. K. Blanchard J. Braga M. L. Calkins R. Cartier D. L. Coppejans T. Eftekhari T. Laskar C. Ly L. Patton I. Pelisoli D. E. Reichart G. Terreran P. K. G. Williams G. Hosseinzadeh P. S. Cowperthwaite S. Gomez V. A. Villar M. Nicholl R. Margutti E. Berger R. Chornock K. Paterson W. Fong V. Savchenko P. Short K. D. Alexander P. K. Blanchard J. Braga M. L. Calkins R. Cartier D. L. Coppejans T. Eftekhari T. Laskar C. Ly L. Patton I. Pelisoli D. E. Reichart G. Terreran P. K. G. Williams Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138-1516, USA Observatories of the Carnegie Institute for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101-1232, USA Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill EH9 3HJ, UK Birmingham Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3112, USA Astrophysical Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 251B Clippinger Lab, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2942, USA ISDC, Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d’�cogia, 16 CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Avenida dos Astronautas 1758, 12227-010, S�o Jos� dos Campos—SP, Brazil Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK MMT and Steward Observatories, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA Institut f�r Physik und Astronomie, Universit�t Potsdam, Haus 28, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, 120 East Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA American Astronomical Society, 1667 K�Street NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20006-1681, USA These authors contributed equally to this work. LSSTC Data Science Fellow. Hubble Fellow. Einstein Fellow. G. Hosseinzadeh, P. S. Cowperthwaite, S. Gomez, V. A. Villar, M. Nicholl, R. Margutti, E. Berger, R. Chornock, K. Paterson, W. Fong, V. Savchenko, P. Short, K. D. Alexander, P. K. Blanchard, J. Braga, M. L. Calkins, R. Cartier, D. L. Coppejans, T. Eftekhari, T. Laskar, C. Ly, L. Patton, I. Pelisoli, D. E. Reichart, G. Terreran and P. K. G. Williams 2019-07-20 2019-07-18 08:37:43 cgi/release: Article released bin/incoming: New from .zip National Science Foundation AST-1714498 AST-1814782 National Aeronautics and Space Administration HST-HF-51404.001-A HST-HF2-51403.001-A Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft GE2506/12-1 yes On 2019 April�25.346 and 26.640�UT the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo gravitational-wave (GW) observatory announced the detection of the first candidate events in Observing Run 3 that contained at least one neutron star (NS). S190425z is a likely binary neutron star (BNS) merger at d L �=�156�� 41 Mpc, while S190426c is possibly the first NS–black hole (BH) merger ever detected, at d L �=�377���100 Mpc, although with marginal statistical significance. Here we report our optical follow-up observations for both events using the MMT 6.5 m telescope, as well as our spectroscopic follow-up of candidate counterparts (which turned out to be unrelated) with the 4.1 m SOAR telescope. We compare to publicly reported searches, explore the overall areal coverage and depth, and evaluate those in relation to the optical/near-infrared (NIR) kilonova emission from the BNS merger GW170817, to theoretical kilonova models, and to short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) afterglows. We find that for a GW170817-like kilonova, the partial volume covered spans up to about 40% for S190425z and 60% for S190426c. For an on-axis jet typical of SGRBs, the search effective volume is larger, but such a configuration is expected in at most a few percent of mergers. We further find that wide-field γ -ray and X-ray limits rule out luminous on-axis SGRBs, for a large fraction of the localization regions, although these searches are not sufficiently deep in the context of the γ -ray emission from GW170817 or off-axis SGRB afterglows. The results indicate that some optical follow-up searches are sufficiently deep for counterpart identification to about 300�Mpc, but that localizations better than 1000�deg 2 are likely essential. � 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Ahumada T., Coughlin M. W., Staats K. et al 2019b GCN 24343 1 Ahumada T., Coughlin M. W., Staats K. et al GCN 0147-0728 24343 2019 1 Ahumada T., Coughlin M. W., Staats K. and Dekany R. G. 2019a GCN 24198 1 Ahumada T., Coughlin M. W., Staats K. and Dekany R. G. GCN 0147-0728 24198 2019 1 Alexander K. D., Berger E., Fong W. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L21 10.3847/2041-8213/aa905d Alexander K. D., Berger E., Fong W. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L21 Alexander K. D., Margutti R., Blanchard P. K. et al 2018 ApJL 863 L18 10.3847/2041-8213/aad637 Alexander K. D., Margutti R., Blanchard P. K. et al ApJL 0004-637X 863 2018 L18 Anand S., Kasliwal M. M., Coughlin M. W. et al 2019 GCN 24311 1 Anand S., Kasliwal M. M., Coughlin M. W. et al GCN 0147-0728 24311 2019 1 Andreoni I., Ackley K., Cooke J. et al 2017 PASA 34 69 10.1017/pasa.2017.65 Andreoni I., Ackley K., Cooke J. et al PASA 1323-3580 34 2017 69 Andreoni I., Goldstein D. A., Coughlin M. et al 2019 GCN 24268 1 Andreoni I., Goldstein D. A., Coughlin M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24268 2019 1 Arcavi I., Hosseinzadeh G., Howell D. A. et al 2017 Natur 551 64 10.1038/nature24291 Arcavi I., Hosseinzadeh G., Howell D. A. et al Natur 551 2017 64 Arcavi I., McCully C., Hiramatsu D. et al 2019 GCN 24251 1 Arcavi I., McCully C., Hiramatsu D. et al GCN 0147-0728 24251 2019 1 Astropy Collaboration 2018 AJ 156 123 10.3847/1538-3881/aabc4f Astropy Collaboration AJ 1538-3881 156 3 123 2018 123 Axelsson M., Bissaldi E., Kocevski D., Longo F. and Omodei N. 2019a GCN 24266 1 Axelsson M., Bissaldi E., Kocevski D., Longo F. and Omodei N. GCN 0147-0728 24266 2019 1 Axelsson M., Bissaldi E., Kocevski D., Longo F. and Omodei N. 2019b GCN 24342 1 Axelsson M., Bissaldi E., Kocevski D., Longo F. and Omodei N. GCN 0147-0728 24342 2019 1 Barbary K. 2016 JOSS 1 58 10.21105/joss.00058 Barbary K. JOSS 1529-1227 1 2016 58 Barthelmy S. D., Lien A. Y., Palmer D. M. et al 2019 GCN 24255 1 Barthelmy S. D., Lien A. Y., Palmer D. M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24255 2019 1 Becerra R. L., Watson A. M., Butler N. et al 2019 GCN 24298 1 Becerra R. L., Watson A. M., Butler N. et al GCN 0147-0728 24298 2019 1 Bellm E. C., Kulkarni S. R., Graham M. J. et al 2019 PASP 131 018002 10.1088/1538-3873/aaecbe Bellm E. C., Kulkarni S. R., Graham M. J. et al PASP 1538-3873 131 995 018002 2019 018002 Berger E. 2014 ARA&A 52 43 10.1146/annurev-astro-081913-035926 Berger E. ARA&A 0066-4146 52 2014 43 Berthier J., Vachier F., Thuillot W. et al 2006 ASP Conf. Ser., 351, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XV ed C. Gabriel et al (San Francisco, CA: ASP) 367 Berthier J., Vachier F., Thuillot W. et al ed Gabriel C. et al ASP Conf. Ser., 351, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XV 2006 367 Bertin E. and Arnouts S. 1996 A&AS 117 393 10.1051/aas:1996164 Bertin E. and Arnouts S. A&AS 0365-0138 117 2 1996 393 Bhalerao V., Kumar H., Karambelkar V. et al 2019 GCN 24258 1 Bhalerao V., Kumar H., Karambelkar V. et al GCN 0147-0728 24258 2019 1 Blazek M., Christensen N., Howell E. et al 2019a GCN 24227 1 Blazek M., Christensen N., Howell E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24227 2019 1 Blazek M., Corre D., Howell E. et al 2019b GCN 24327 1 Blazek M., Corre D., Howell E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24327 2019 1 Blondin S. and Tonry J. L. 2007 ApJ 666 1024 10.1086/520494 Blondin S. and Tonry J. L. ApJ 0004-637X 666 2 1024 2007 1024 Bloom J. S., Zucker C., Schlafly E. et al 2019 GCN 24337 1 Bloom J. S., Zucker C., Schlafly E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24337 2019 1 Bradley L., Sipőcz B., Robitaille T. et al 2019 Photutils, v0.6, Zenodo doi:10.5281/zenodo.2533376 Bradley L., Sipőcz B., Robitaille T. et al Photutils, v0.6, Zenodo 2019 Breeveld A. A., Kuin N. P. M., Marshall F. E. et al 2019 GCN 24296 1 Breeveld A. A., Kuin N. P. M., Marshall F. E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24296 2019 1 Buckley D. A. H., Jha S. W., Cooke J. and Mogotsi M. 2019 GCN 24205 1 Buckley D. A. H., Jha S. W., Cooke J. and Mogotsi M. GCN 0147-0728 24205 2019 1 Butler N., Watson A. M., Troja E. et al 2019 GCN 24238 1 Butler N., Watson A. M., Troja E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24238 2019 1 Carini R., Izzo L., Palazzi E. et al 2019 GCN 24252 1 Carini R., Izzo L., Palazzi E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24252 2019 1 Casentini C., Piano G., Tavani M. et al 2019 GCN 24180 1 Casentini C., Piano G., Tavani M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24180 2019 1 Castro-Tirado A. J., Hu Y. D., Li X. Y. et al 2019 GCN 24214 1 Castro-Tirado A. J., Hu Y. D., Li X. Y. et al GCN 0147-0728 24214 2019 1 Cenko S. B., Frederick S., Gatkine P. et al 2019 GCN 24430 1 Cenko S. B., Frederick S., Gatkine P. et al GCN 0147-0728 24430 2019 1 Chambers K. C., Magnier E. A., Metcalfe N. et al 2016 arXiv:1612.05560 Chambers K. C., Magnier E. A., Metcalfe N. et al 2016 Chelovekov I., Pozanenko A., Minaev P. and Grebenev S. 2019 GCN 24181 1 Chelovekov I., Pozanenko A., Minaev P. and Grebenev S. GCN 0147-0728 24181 2019 1 Clemens J. C., Crain J. A. and Anderson R. 2004 Proc. SPIE 5492 331 10.1117/12.550069 Clemens J. C., Crain J. A. and Anderson R. Proc. SPIE 5492 2004 331 Coughlin M. W., Kasliwal M. M., Perley D. A. et al 2019 GCN 24283 1 Coughlin M. W., Kasliwal M. M., Perley D. A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24283 2019 1 Coulter D. A., Foley R. J., Kilpatrick C. D. et al 2017 Sci 358 1556 10.1126/science.aap9811 Coulter D. A., Foley R. J., Kilpatrick C. D. et al Sci 358 2017 1556 Cowperthwaite P. S., Berger E., Villar V. A. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L17 10.3847/2041-8213/aa8fc7 Cowperthwaite P. S., Berger E., Villar V. A. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L17 Dálya G., Galgóczi G., Dobos L. et al 2018 MNRAS 479 2374 10.1093/mnras/sty1703 Dálya G., Galgóczi G., Dobos L. et al MNRAS 0035-8711 479 2018 2374 De K., Adams S. M., Coughlin M. et al 2019b GCN 24187 1 De K., Adams S. M., Coughlin M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24187 2019 1 De K., Yan L., Fremling C., Andreoni I. and Goldstein D. 2019a GCN 24275 1 De K., Yan L., Fremling C., Andreoni I. and Goldstein D. GCN 0147-0728 24275 2019 1 Díaz M. C., Macri L. M., Lambas D. G. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L29 10.3847/2041-8213/aa9060 Díaz M. C., Macri L. M., Lambas D. G. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L29 Dichiara S., Gatkine P., Durbak J. et al 2019 GCN 24220 1 Dichiara S., Gatkine P., Durbak J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24220 2019 1 Dimitriadis G., Jones D. O., Siebert M. R. et al 2019 GCN 24358 1 Dimitriadis G., Jones D. O., Siebert M. R. et al GCN 0147-0728 24358 2019 1 Drout M. R., Piro A. L., Shappee B. J. et al 2017 Sci 358 1570 10.1126/science.aaq0049 Drout M. R., Piro A. L., Shappee B. J. et al Sci 358 2017 1570 Evans P. A., Cenko S. B., Kennea J. A. et al 2017 Sci 358 1565 10.1126/science.aap9580 Evans P. A., Cenko S. B., Kennea J. A. et al Sci 358 2017 1565 Evans P. A., Kennea J. A., Tohuvavohu A. et al 2019 GCN 24273 1 Evans P. A., Kennea J. A., Tohuvavohu A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24273 2019 1 Fletcher C. 2019a GCN 24185 1 Fletcher C. GCN 0147-0728 24185 2019 1 Fletcher C. 2019b GCN 24248 1 Fletcher C. GCN 0147-0728 24248 2019 1 Flewelling H. A., Magnier E. A., Chambers K. C. et al 2016 arXiv:1612.05243 Flewelling H. A., Magnier E. A., Chambers K. C. et al 2016 Fong W. and Berger E. 2013 ApJ 776 18 10.1088/0004-637X/776/1/18 Fong W. and Berger E. ApJ 0004-637X 776 1 18 2013 18 Fong W., Berger E., Margutti R. and Zauderer B. A. 2015 ApJ 815 102 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/102 Fong W., Berger E., Margutti R. and Zauderer B. A. ApJ 0004-637X 815 2 102 2015 102 Goldstein D. A., Andreoni I., Coughlin M. et al 2019b GCN 24257 1 Goldstein D. A., Andreoni I., Coughlin M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24257 2019 1 Goldstein D. A., Andreoni I., Nugent P. E. et al 2019a arXiv:1905.06980 Goldstein D. A., Andreoni I., Nugent P. E. et al 2019 Graham M. J., Kulkarni S. R., Bellm E. C. et al 2019 PASP 131 078001 10.1088/1538-3873/ab006c Graham M. J., Kulkarni S. R., Bellm E. C. et al PASP 1538-3873 131 1001 078001 2019 078001 Guan J., Nang Y., Sai N. et al 2019 GCN 24369 1 Guan J., Nang Y., Sai N. et al GCN 0147-0728 24369 2019 1 Guevel D. and Hosseinzadeh G. 2017 PyZOGY, v0.0.1, Zenodo doi:10.5281/zenodo.1043973 Guevel D. and Hosseinzadeh G. PyZOGY, v0.0.1, Zenodo 2017 Guillochon J., Nicholl M., Villar V. A. et al 2018 ApJS 236 6 10.3847/1538-4365/aab761 Guillochon J., Nicholl M., Villar V. A. et al ApJS 0067-0049 236 1 6 2018 6 Hajela A., Margutti R., Fong W. et al 2019 GCN 24000 1 Hajela A., Margutti R., Fong W. et al GCN 0147-0728 24000 2019 1 Hankins M., De K., Coughlin M. et al 2019a GCN 24329 1 Hankins M., De K., Coughlin M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24329 2019 1 Hankins M., De K., Coughlin M. et al 2019b GCN 24284 1 Hankins M., De K., Coughlin M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24284 2019 1 HAWC Collaboration 2019a GCN 24173 1 HAWC Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24173 2019 1 HAWC Collaboration 2019b GCN 24235 1 HAWC Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24235 2019 1 Hiramatsu D., Pellegrino C., Burke J. et al 2019a GCN 24207 1 Hiramatsu D., Pellegrino C., Burke J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24207 2019 1 Hiramatsu D., Pellegrino C., Burke J. et al 2019b GCN 24225 1 Hiramatsu D., Pellegrino C., Burke J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24225 2019 1 Hosseinzadeh G., Berger E., Blanchard P. K. et al 2019a GCN 24244 1 Hosseinzadeh G., Berger E., Blanchard P. K. et al GCN 0147-0728 24244 2019 1 Hosseinzadeh G., Berger E., Blanchard P. K. et al 2019b GCN 24182 1 Hosseinzadeh G., Berger E., Blanchard P. K. et al GCN 0147-0728 24182 2019 1 Hosseinzadeh G., Gomez S., Patton L. et al 2019c GCN 24292 1 Hosseinzadeh G., Gomez S., Patton L. et al GCN 0147-0728 24292 2019 1 Hotokezaka K., Kyutoku K., Okawa H., Shibata M. and Kiuchi K. 2011 PhRvD 83 124008 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.124008 Hotokezaka K., Kyutoku K., Okawa H., Shibata M. and Kiuchi K. PhRvD 83 2011 124008 Howell E., Christensen N., Blazek M. et al 2019 GCN 24256 1 Howell E., Christensen N., Blazek M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24256 2019 1 Hu L., Wu X., Andreoni I. et al 2017 SciBu 62 1433 Hu L., Wu X., Andreoni I. et al SciBu 62 2017 1433 Hu Y.-D., Castro-Tirado A. J., Valeev A. F. et al 2019a GCN 24359 1 Hu Y.-D., Castro-Tirado A. J., Valeev A. F. et al GCN 0147-0728 24359 2019 1 Hu Y. D., Li X. Y., Carrasco I. et al 2019b GCN 24270 1 Hu Y. D., Li X. Y., Carrasco I. et al GCN 0147-0728 24270 2019 1 Hunter J. D. 2007 CSE 9 90 10.1109/MCSE.2007.55 Hunter J. D. CSE 1070-8413 9 2007 90 Im M., Paek G. S. H., Lim G. et al 2019 GCN 24183 1 Im M., Paek G. S. H., Lim G. et al GCN 0147-0728 24183 2019 1 Izzo L., Carini R., Benetti S. et al 2019a GCN 24208 1 Izzo L., Carini R., Benetti S. et al GCN 0147-0728 24208 2019 1 Izzo L., Carini R., Yang S. et al 2019b GCN 24340 1 Izzo L., Carini R., Yang S. et al GCN 0147-0728 24340 2019 1 Jencson J., De K., Anand S. et al 2019 GCN 24233 1 Jencson J., De K., Anand S. et al GCN 0147-0728 24233 2019 1 Jonker P., Mata-Sanchez D. and Fraser M. 2019 GCN 24221 1 Jonker P., Mata-Sanchez D. and Fraser M. GCN 0147-0728 24221 2019 1 Kasliwal M. M., Nakar E., Singer L. P. et al 2017 Sci 358 1559 10.1126/science.aap9455 Kasliwal M. M., Nakar E., Singer L. P. et al Sci 358 2017 1559 Kasliwal M. M., Coughlin M. W., Bellm E. C. et al 2019 GCN 24191 1 Kasliwal M. M., Coughlin M. W., Bellm E. C. et al GCN 0147-0728 24191 2019 1 Kim J., Im M., Lee C. U. et al 2019 GCN 24216 1 Kim J., Im M., Lee C. U. et al GCN 0147-0728 24216 2019 1 Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Hodgkin S., Delgado A. et al 2019a GCN 24362 1 Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Hodgkin S., Delgado A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24362 2019 1 Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Hodgkin S., Delgado A. et al 2019b GCN 24345 1 Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Hodgkin S., Delgado A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24345 2019 1 Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Hodgkin S., Delgado A. et al 2019c GCN 24344 1 Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Hodgkin S., Delgado A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24344 2019 1 Li B., Xu D., Zhou X. and Lu H. 2019a GCN 24285 1 Li B., Xu D., Zhou X. and Lu H. GCN 0147-0728 24285 2019 1 Li B., Zhao H. B., Xu D. et al 2019b GCN 24286 1 Li B., Zhao H. B., Xu D. et al GCN 0147-0728 24286 2019 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2017 PhRvL 119 161101 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration PhRvL 119 161101 2017 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2018 arXiv:1811.12907 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2018 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2019a GCN 24168 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24168 2019 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2019b GCN 24228 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24228 2019 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2019c GCN 24237 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24237 2019 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2019d GCN 24277 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24277 2019 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2019e GCN 24411 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration GCN 0147-0728 24411 2019 1 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, & INTEGRAL 2017a ApJL 848 L13 10.3847/2041-8213/aa920c LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, & INTEGRAL ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L13 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2017b ApJL 848 L12 10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9 LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L12 Lim G., Im M., Paek G. S. H. et al 2019 GCN 24247 1 Lim G., Im M., Paek G. S. H. et al GCN 0147-0728 24247 2019 1 Lipunov V., Gorbovskoy E., Kornilov V. et al 2019a GCN 24167 1 Lipunov V., Gorbovskoy E., Kornilov V. et al GCN 0147-0728 24167 2019 1 Lipunov V., Tyurina N., Gorbovskoy E. et al 2019b GCN 24326 1 Lipunov V., Tyurina N., Gorbovskoy E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24326 2019 1 Lipunov V., Gorbovskoy E., Kornilov V. et al 2019c GCN 24236 1 Lipunov V., Gorbovskoy E., Kornilov V. et al GCN 0147-0728 24236 2019 1 Lipunov V. M., Gorbovskoy E., Kornilov V. G. et al 2017 ApJL 850 L1 10.3847/2041-8213/aa92c0 Lipunov V. M., Gorbovskoy E., Kornilov V. G. et al ApJL 0004-637X 850 2017 L1 Lundquist M. J., Paterson K., Sand D. J. et al 2019 GCN 24172 1 Lundquist M. J., Paterson K., Sand D. J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24172 2019 1 Mandel E. and Vikhlinin A. 2018 JS9: astronomical image display everywhere v2.2, Zenodo, doi:10.5281/zenodo.1453307 Mandel E. and Vikhlinin A. JS9: astronomical image display everywhere 2018 Margalit B. and Metzger B. D. 2019 arXiv:1904.11995 Margalit B. and Metzger B. D. 2019 Margutti R., Alexander K. D., Xie X. et al 2018 ApJL 856 L18 10.3847/2041-8213/aab2ad Margutti R., Alexander K. D., Xie X. et al ApJL 0004-637X 856 2018 L18 Margutti R., Berger E., Fong W. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L20 10.3847/2041-8213/aa9057 Margutti R., Berger E., Fong W. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L20 Margutti R., Metzger B. D., Chornock R. et al 2019 ApJ 872 18 10.3847/1538-4357/aafa01 Margutti R., Metzger B. D., Chornock R. et al ApJ 0004-637X 872 1 18 2019 18 Martin-Carillo A., Savchenko V., Ferrigno C. et al 2019 GCN 24169 1 Martin-Carillo A., Savchenko V., Ferrigno C. et al GCN 0147-0728 24169 2019 1 Masci F. J., Laher R. R., Rusholme B. et al 2019 PASP 131 018003 10.1088/1538-3873/aae8ac Masci F. J., Laher R. R., Rusholme B. et al PASP 1538-3873 131 995 018003 2019 018003 McBrien O., Smartt S., Smith K. W. et al 2019 GCN 24197 1 McBrien O., Smartt S., Smith K. W. et al GCN 0147-0728 24197 2019 1 McCully C., Hiramatsu D., Hiramatsu D. et al 2019 GCN 24295 1 McCully C., Hiramatsu D., Hiramatsu D. et al GCN 0147-0728 24295 2019 1 Metzger B. D., Bauswein A., Goriely S. and Kasen D. 2015 MNRAS 446 1115 10.1093/mnras/stu2225 Metzger B. D., Bauswein A., Goriely S. and Kasen D. MNRAS 0035-8711 446 2015 1115 Metzger B. D. and Berger E. 2012 ApJ 746 48 10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/48 Metzger B. D. and Berger E. ApJ 0004-637X 746 1 48 2012 48 Minaev P., Pozanenko A., Grebenev S. and Chelovekov I. 2019 GCN 24170 1 Minaev P., Pozanenko A., Grebenev S. and Chelovekov I. GCN 0147-0728 24170 2019 1 Morokuma T., Ohta K., Yoshida M. et al 2019 GCN 24230 1 Morokuma T., Ohta K., Yoshida M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24230 2019 1 Nicholl M., Cartier R., Pelisoli I. et al 2019c GCN 24321 1 Nicholl M., Cartier R., Pelisoli I. et al GCN 0147-0728 24321 2019 1 Nicholl M., Short P., Anderson J. et al 2019a GCN 24211 1 Nicholl M., Short P., Anderson J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24211 2019 1 Nicholl M., Short P., Smartt S. J. et al 2019b GCN 24217 1 Nicholl M., Short P., Smartt S. J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24217 2019 1 Niino Y., Morokuma T., Ohsawa R. et al 2019 GCN 24299 1 Niino Y., Morokuma T., Ohsawa R. et al GCN 0147-0728 24299 2019 1 Oliphant T. E. 2007 CSE 9 10 10.1109/MCSE.2007.58 Oliphant T. E. CSE 1070-8413 9 2007 10 Paek G. S. H., Im M., Lim G. et al 2019a GCN 24188 1 Paek G. S. H., Im M., Lim G. et al GCN 0147-0728 24188 2019 1 Paek G. S. H., Im M., Sung H. I. et al 2019b GCN 24336 1 Paek G. S. H., Im M., Sung H. I. et al GCN 0147-0728 24336 2019 1 Paek G. S. H., Im M., Sung H. I. et al 2019c GCN 24322 1 Paek G. S. H., Im M., Sung H. I. et al GCN 0147-0728 24322 2019 1 Pavana M., Anupama G. C., Kiran B. S. and Bhalerao V. 2019 GCN 24200 1 Pavana M., Anupama G. C., Kiran B. S. and Bhalerao V. GCN 0147-0728 24200 2019 1 Perley D. A. and Copperwheat C. M. 2019 GCN 24202 1 Perley D. A. and Copperwheat C. M. GCN 0147-0728 24202 2019 1 Perley D. A., Copperwheat C. M. and Taggart K. L. 2019a GCN 24204 1 Perley D. A., Copperwheat C. M. and Taggart K. L. GCN 0147-0728 24204 2019 1 Perley D. A., Goobar A., Kasliwal M. M. et al 2019b GCN 24331 1 Perley D. A., Goobar A., Kasliwal M. M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24331 2019 1 Pian E., D’Avanzo P., Benetti S. et al 2017 Natur 551 67 10.1038/nature24298 Pian E., D’Avanzo P., Benetti S. et al Natur 551 2017 67 Piano G., Casentini C., Verrecchia F. et al 2019a GCN 24186 1 Piano G., Casentini C., Verrecchia F. et al GCN 0147-0728 24186 2019 1 Piano G., Cardillo M., Tavani M. et al 2019b GCN 24246 1 Piano G., Cardillo M., Tavani M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24246 2019 1 Piro A. L. and Kollmeier J. A. 2018 ApJ 855 103 10.3847/1538-4357/aaaab3 Piro A. L. and Kollmeier J. A. ApJ 0004-637X 855 2 103 2018 103 Pozanenko A. S., Barkov M. V., Minaev P. Y. et al 2018 ApJL 852 L30 10.3847/2041-8213/aaa2f6 Pozanenko A. S., Barkov M. V., Minaev P. Y. et al ApJL 0004-637X 852 2018 L30 Rosell M. J. B., Janowiecki S., Gebhardt K. and Wheeler J. C. 2019a GCN 24278 1 Rosell M. J. B., Janowiecki S., Gebhardt K. and Wheeler J. C. GCN 0147-0728 24278 2019 1 Rosell M. J. B., Shetrone M., Wheeler J. C. et al 2019b GCN 24175 1 Rosell M. J. B., Shetrone M., Wheeler J. C. et al GCN 0147-0728 24175 2019 1 Sakamoto T., Barthelmy S. D., Lien A. Y. et al 2019 GCN 24184 1 Sakamoto T., Barthelmy S. D., Lien A. Y. et al GCN 0147-0728 24184 2019 1 Saleem M., Resmi L., Arun K. G. and Mohan S. 2019 arXiv:1905.00337 Saleem M., Resmi L., Arun K. G. and Mohan S. 2019 Sanchez-Ramirez R., Valeev A. F., Sokolov V. V. et al 2019 GCN 24368 1 Sanchez-Ramirez R., Valeev A. F., Sokolov V. V. et al GCN 0147-0728 24368 2019 1 Sasada M., Akitaya H., Nakaoka T. et al 2019b GCN 24192 1 Sasada M., Akitaya H., Nakaoka T. et al GCN 0147-0728 24192 2019 1 Savchenko V., Ferrigno C., Martin-Carillo A. et al 2019 GCN 24178 1 Savchenko V., Ferrigno C., Martin-Carillo A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24178 2019 1 Shappee B. J., Simon J. D., Drout M. R. et al 2017 Sci 358 1574 10.1126/science.aaq0186 Shappee B. J., Simon J. D., Drout M. R. et al Sci 358 2017 1574 Shappee B. J., Kochanek C. S., Stanek K. Z. et al 2019a GCN 24309 1 Shappee B. J., Kochanek C. S., Stanek K. Z. et al GCN 0147-0728 24309 2019 1 Shappee B. J., Kochanek C. S., Stanek K. Z. et al 2019b GCN 24323 1 Shappee B. J., Kochanek C. S., Stanek K. Z. et al GCN 0147-0728 24323 2019 1 Shimizu Y., Yoshida A., Sakamoto T. et al 2019 GCN 24218 1 Shimizu Y., Yoshida A., Sakamoto T. et al GCN 0147-0728 24218 2019 1 Short P., Nicholl M., Smartt S. J. et al 2019a GCN 24215 1 Short P., Nicholl M., Smartt S. J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24215 2019 1 Short P., Nicholl M., Anderson J. et al 2019b GCN 24269 1 Short P., Nicholl M., Anderson J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24269 2019 1 Singer L. 2019a ligo.skymap, https://lscsoft.docs.ligo.org/ligo.skymap/ Singer L. 2019 Singer L. 2019b PyGCN https://github.com/lpsinger/pygcn Singer L. PyGCN 2019 Smartt S. J., Chen T.-W., Jerkstrand A. et al 2017 Natur 551 75 10.1038/nature24303 Smartt S. J., Chen T.-W., Jerkstrand A. et al Natur 551 2017 75 Smith K. W., Young D. R., McBrien O. et al 2019 GCN 24210 1 Smith K. W., Young D. R., McBrien O. et al GCN 0147-0728 24210 2019 1 Soares-Santos M., Holz D. E., Annis J. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L16 10.3847/2041-8213/aa9059 Soares-Santos M., Holz D. E., Annis J. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L16 Song H.-R., Ai S.-K., Wang M.-H. et al 2019 arXiv:1904.12263 Song H.-R., Ai S.-K., Wang M.-H. et al 2019 Steeghs D., Dyer M., Galloway D. et al 2019a GCN 24224 1 Steeghs D., Dyer M., Galloway D. et al GCN 0147-0728 24224 2019 1 Steeghs D., Lyman J., Dyer M. et al 2019b GCN 24291 1 Steeghs D., Lyman J., Dyer M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24291 2019 1 Sugita S., Serino M., Sugizaki M. et al 2019 GCN 24259 1 Sugita S., Serino M., Sugizaki M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24259 2019 1 Sugizaki M., Kawai N., Negoro H. et al 2019 GCN 24177 1 Sugizaki M., Kawai N., Negoro H. et al GCN 0147-0728 24177 2019 1 Sun T., Chen J., Hu L. et al 2019 GCN 24346 1 Sun T., Chen J., Hu L. et al GCN 0147-0728 24346 2019 1 Svinkin D., Golenetskii S., Aptekar R. et al 2019b GCN 24417 1 Svinkin D., Golenetskii S., Aptekar R. et al GCN 0147-0728 24417 2019 1 Svinkin D. S., Golenetskii R., Frederiks D. et al 2019a GCN 24418 1 Svinkin D. S., Golenetskii R., Frederiks D. et al GCN 0147-0728 24418 2019 1 Tamura T., Yoshida A., Sakamoto T. et al 2019 GCN 24276 1 Tamura T., Yoshida A., Sakamoto T. et al GCN 0147-0728 24276 2019 1 Tan H. J., Yu P. C., Ngeow C. C. and Ip W. H. 2019a GCN 24193 1 Tan H. J., Yu P. C., Ngeow C. C. and Ip W. H. GCN 0147-0728 24193 2019 1 Tan H. J., Yu P. C., Patil A. S. et al 2019b GCN 24274 1 Tan H. J., Yu P. C., Patil A. S. et al GCN 0147-0728 24274 2019 1 Tanvir N. R., Levan A. J., González-Fernández C. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L27 10.3847/2041-8213/aa90b6 Tanvir N. R., Levan A. J., González-Fernández C. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L27 Tohuvavohu A., Evans P. A., Kennea J. A. et al 2019b GCN 24353 1 Tohuvavohu A., Evans P. A., Kennea J. A. et al GCN 0147-0728 24353 2019 1 Tohuvavohu A., Evans P., Siegel M. et al 2019a GCN 24305 1 Tohuvavohu A., Evans P., Siegel M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24305 2019 1 Troja E., Becerra R. L., Butler N. et al 2019 GCN 24300 1 Troja E., Becerra R. L., Butler N. et al GCN 0147-0728 24300 2019 1 Troja E., Piro L., Van Eerten H. et al 2017 Natur 551 71 10.1038/nature24290 Troja E., Piro L., Van Eerten H. et al Natur 551 2017 71 Utsumi Y., Tanaka M., Tominaga N. et al 2017 PASJ 69 101 10.1093/pasj/psx118 Utsumi Y., Tanaka M., Tominaga N. et al PASJ 0004-6264 69 2017 101 Valeev A. F., Sokolov V. V., Castro-Tirado A. J. et al 2019 GCN 24317 1 Valeev A. F., Sokolov V. V., Castro-Tirado A. J. et al GCN 0147-0728 24317 2019 1 Valenti S., Sand D. J., Yang S. et al 2017 ApJL 848 L24 10.3847/2041-8213/aa8edf Valenti S., Sand D. J., Yang S. et al ApJL 0004-637X 848 2017 L24 van der Walt S., Colbert S. C. and Varoquaux G. 2011 CSE 13 22 10.1109/MCSE.2011.37 van der Walt S., Colbert S. C. and Varoquaux G. CSE 1070-8413 13 2011 22 van Eerten H. J. and MacFadyen A. I. 2011 ApJL 733 L37 10.1088/2041-8205/733/2/L37 van Eerten H. J. and MacFadyen A. I. ApJL 0004-637X 733 2011 L37 Villar V. A., Berger E., Metzger B. D. and Guillochon J. 2017 ApJ 849 70 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8fcb Villar V. A., Berger E., Metzger B. D. and Guillochon J. ApJ 0004-637X 849 1 70 2017 70 Vinko J., Bodi A., Kriskovics L., Sarneczky K. and Pal A. 2019 GCN 24367 1 Vinko J., Bodi A., Kriskovics L., Sarneczky K. and Pal A. GCN 0147-0728 24367 2019 1 Waratkar G., Kumar H., Bhalerao V. et al 2019 GCN 24316 1 Waratkar G., Kumar H., Bhalerao V. et al GCN 0147-0728 24316 2019 1 Watson A. M., Butler N., Troja E. et al 2019a GCN 24239 1 Watson A. M., Butler N., Troja E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24239 2019 1 Watson A. M., Butler N., Troja E. et al 2019b GCN 24310 1 Watson A. M., Butler N., Troja E. et al GCN 0147-0728 24310 2019 1 Wiersema K., Levan A. J., Fraser M. et al 2019 GCN 24209 1 Wiersema K., Levan A. J., Fraser M. et al GCN 0147-0728 24209 2019 1 Wu Y. and MacFadyen A. 2018 ApJ 869 55 10.3847/1538-4357/aae9de Wu Y. and MacFadyen A. ApJ 0004-637X 869 1 55 2018 55 Xiao S., Luo Q., Cai C. et al 2019 GCN 24213 1 Xiao S., Luo Q., Cai C. et al GCN 0147-0728 24213 2019 1 Xin L. P., Han X. H., Wei J. Y. et al 2019 GCN 24315 1 Xin L. P., Han X. H., Wei J. Y. et al GCN 0147-0728 24315 2019 1 Xu D., Zhu Z. P., Yu B. Y. et al 2019 GCN 24190 1 Xu D., Zhu Z. P., Yu B. Y. et al GCN 0147-0728 24190 2019 1 Yi Q. B., Luo Q., Cai C. et al 2019 GCN 24280 1 Yi Q. B., Luo Q., Cai C. et al GCN 0147-0728 24280 2019 1 Zackay B., Ofek E. O. and Gal-Yam A. 2016 ApJ 830 27 10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/27 Zackay B., Ofek E. O. and Gal-Yam A. ApJ 0004-637X 830 1 27 2016 27 Zheng W., Zhang K., Vasylyev S. and Filippenko A. V. 2019a GCN 24179 1 Zheng W., Zhang K., Vasylyev S. and Filippenko A. V. GCN 0147-0728 24179 2019 1 Zheng W., Zhang K., Vasylyev S. and Filippenko A. V. 2019b GCN 24289 1 Zheng W., Zhang K., Vasylyev S. and Filippenko A. V. GCN 0147-0728 24289 2019 1 Zhu Z. P., Xu D., Yu B. Y. et al 2019 GCN 24281 1 Zhu Z. P., Xu D., Yu B. Y. et al GCN 0147-0728 24281 2019 1 Zonca A., Singer L. P., Lenz D. et al 2019 JOSS 4 1298 10.21105/joss.01298 Zonca A., Singer L. P., Lenz D. et al JOSS 1529-1227 4 2019 1298

Keywords

  • binaries: close
  • gravitational waves
  • methods: observational
  • stars: black holes
  • stars: neutron

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

Other files and links

    Fingerprint

    Dive into the research topics of 'Follow-up of the Neutron Star Bearing Gravitational-wave Candidate Events S190425z and S190426c with MMT and SOAR'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
    View full fingerprint

    Cite this