Extraction of amino acids by reverse iontophoresis: Simulation of therapeutic monitoring in vitro

A Sieg, F Jeanneret, M Fathi, D Hochstrasser, S Rudaz, J L Veuthey, R H Guy, M B Delgado-Charro

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

Reverse iontophoresis across the skin has been investigated as alternative, non-invasive method for clinical and therapeutic drug monitoring. This research investigated the reverse iontophoretic extraction of 19 amino acids present at clinically relevant levels in the subdermal compartment of an in vitro diffusion cell. Over a simulated, systemic concentration range of 0-500 mu M, the extraction of amino acids was linear. Charged amino acids were extracted towards the electrode of opposite polarity, while zwitterionic species were extracted to both anode and cathode with the latter predominating. The reverse iontophoretic extraction flux was a linear function of amino acid isoelectric point, reflecting the different contributions of electromigration and electroosmosis to electrotrans port. Overall, the results confirm the feasibility of monitoring amino acids at clinically relevant levels and provide an incentive for in vivo research to further explore the clinical potential of reverse iontophoresis for the non-invasive monitoring of amino acids.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)908-913
Number of pages6
JournalEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
Volume70
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2008

Keywords

  • Skin
  • Amino acids
  • Clinical chemistry
  • Reverse iontophoresis
  • Therapeutic monitoring
  • Non-invasive
  • Phenylalanine

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