Exploring the Influence of Temperature on Performance Metrics in Wireless Power Transfer Systems using Circular Coil Configurations

The wireless charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has exponentially attracted considerable attention due to their convenience and potential to eliminate the need for physical connectors. Wireless charging systems for in-road systems are developed using inductive power transfer (IPT). However, several factors, such as coil geometry, frequency, misalignments, and ambient temperature, can impact the efficiency and overall performance of these systems. This study examines the effects of different frequencies and vertical misalignments on the wireless charging process, considering the influence of temperature as a representative ambient condition. The study specifically investigates the influence of temperature on wireless charging performance and observes that increasing temperature leads to a 15.676% increase in power loss and a 15.14% increase in impedance within the wireless power transfer (WPT) system. This can be attributed to temperature-dependent changes in the electrical properties of the charging components, resulting in higher resistive power losses and alterations in coupling efficiency. The power for the system is calculated to be 2.2 kW. The findings indicate that higher temperatures decrease power transfer efficiency and introduce additional impedance, which adversely affects charging performance. These insights can inform the future development of more efficient and robust wireless charging technologies for electric vehicles.