Abstract
Introduction: Tooth extraction due to dental caries is associated with socioeconomic deprivation and is a major reason for elective childhood hospital admissions in England. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is a risk factor for dental caries. We examined whether the soft drinks industry levy (SDIL), announced in March 2016 and implemented in April 2018, was associated with changes in incidence rates of hospital admissions for carious tooth extraction in children, 22 months post-SDIL implementation. Methods: Changes in incidence rates of monthly National Health Service hospital admissions for extraction of teeth due to a primary diagnosis of dental caries (International Classification of Diseases; ICD-10 code: K02) in England, between January 2012 and February 2020, were estimated using interrupted time series and compared with a counterfactual scenario where SDIL was not announced or implemented. Periodical changes in admissions, autocorrelation and population structure were accounted for. Estimates were calculated overall, by Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) fifths and by age group (0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, 15-18 years). Results: Compared with the counterfactual scenario, there was a relative reduction of 12.1% (95% CI 17.0% to 7.2%) in hospital admissions for carious tooth extractions in all children (0-18 years). Children aged 0-4 years and 5-9 years had relative reductions of 28.6% (95% CI 35.6% to 21.5%) and 5.5% (95% CI 10.5% to 0.5%), respectively; no change was observed for older children. Reductions were observed in children living in most IMD areas regardless of deprivation. Conclusion: The UK SDIL was associated with reductions in incidence rates of childhood hospital admissions for carious tooth extractions, across most areas regardless of deprivation status and especially in younger children. Trial registration number: ISRCTN18042742.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e000714 |
| Pages (from-to) | 243-252 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| Early online date | 14 Nov 2023 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 29 Dec 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding: NTR, OM, MW and JA were supported by the Medical Research Council (grant No MC_UU_00006/7). This project was funded by the NIHR Public Health Research programme (grant Nos 16/49/01 and 16/130/01) to MW. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care, UK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Data availability statement: Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Data were acquired through a data sharing agreement with NHS digital for which conditions of use apply. Requests for data must be made directly to NHS digital and cannot be granted by the authors.
Funding Information:
NTR, OM, MW and JA were supported by the Medical Research Council (grant No MC_UU_00006/7). This project was funded by the NIHR Public Health Research programme (grant Nos 16/49/01 and 16/130/01) to MW. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care, UK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Keywords
- biomarker
- nutrition assessment
- precision nutrition
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Health(social science)
- Nutrition and Dietetics
- Medicine (miscellaneous)