Electric Vehicle Scheduling Model With Strategic Siting and Incentive Pricing Considering Participation Willingness

This paper investigates the dispatch process of electric vehicles (EVs) when virtual power plants (VPPs) respond to electricity market demand and proposes an EV dispatch model that considers willingness to participate. The model considers the range anxiety and battery aging anxiety of EVs in the response scheduling process, which effectively improves the willingness of EVs to respond to scheduling. The model mainly involves three aspects: charging station siting, determination of EV incentive electricity price and realization of distributed dispatching. First, this paper proposes a three-step weighted mean clustering method to plan charging station siting, which reduces the driving distance of EVs when responding to grid dispatching, thus reducing range anxiety. At the same time, we studied the effect of different modifications in practical applications. Subsequently, we established an incentive price model for EVs to achieve reasonable quantitative compensation for the battery aging problem that occurs during the dispatch process. Finally, we propose a distributed scheduling strategy to improve the willingness of EVs to respond. This study is validated using real-world data from the city of Chicago. The proposed method reduces the average response distance of EVs in Chicago by 0.188 km and increases the participation willingness of EVs by 0.3243. These results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach in alleviating range anxiety and enhancing EVs’ willingness to participate in grid dispatch, offering valuable insights for largescale EV integration into grid interactions.