Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the effect of 3 weeks of high-sugar (“Sweet”) versus low-sugar (“Plain”) breakfast on energy balance, metabolic health, and appetite. Methods: A total of 29 healthy adults (22 women) completed this randomized crossover study. Participants had pre- and postintervention appetite, health, and body mass outcomes measured, and they recorded diet, appetite (visual analogue scales), and physical activity for 8 days during each intervention. Interventions were 3 weeks of isoenergetic Sweet (30% by weight added sugar; average 32 g of sugar) versus Plain (no added sugar; average 8 g of sugar) porridge-based breakfasts. Results: Pre- to postintervention changes in body mass were similar between Plain (Δ 0.1 kg; 95% CI: −0.3 to 0.5 kg) and Sweet (Δ 0.2 kg; 95% CI: −0.2 to 0.5 kg), as were pre- to postintervention changes for biomarkers of health (all P ≥ 0.101) and psychological appetite (all P ≥ 0.152). Energy, fat, and protein intake was not statistically different between conditions. Total carbohydrate intake was higher during Sweet (287 ± 82 g/d vs. 256 ± 73 g/d; P = 0.009), driven more by higher sugar intake at breakfast (116 ± 46 g/d vs. 88 ± 38 g/d; P < 0.001) than post-breakfast sugar intake (Sweet 84 ± 42 g/d vs. Plain 80 ± 37 g/d; P = 0.552). Participants reported reduced sweet desire immediately after Sweet but not Plain breakfasts (trial × time P < 0.001). Conclusions: Energy balance, health markers, and appetite did not respond differently to 3 weeks of high- or low-sugar breakfasts.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 740-748 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Obesity |
Volume | 28 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 28 Feb 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 23 Mar 2020 |
Funding
This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant no. ES/J50015X/1). The Economic and Social Research Council had no role in the design, analysis, or writing of this article. HAC has accepted conference fees from Danone Nutricia Research and a Graduate Research Grant for unrelated work from the European Hydration Institute. JAB has received research funding from Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), GlaxoSmithKline, Lucozade Ribena Suntory, Kellogg’s, Nestlé, and PepsiCo and is a scientific advisor to the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI). PJR has received funding for research from Sugar Nutrition UK, has provided consultancy services for Coca‐Cola Great Britain, and is a scientific advisor to the International Life Sciences Institute‐Europe. LJ has had research funding from Danone Baby Nutrition, the Alpro Foundation, Kellogg Europe, and various UK research councils. DT has received both funding and consultancy fees from Unilever. LJJ has received funding from PepsiCo, Volac International, The Collagen Research Institute, British Summer Fruits, and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). SR has received research funding from Kellogg’s and Dr. Schar. The other authors declared no conflict of interest.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology
- Nutrition and Dietetics
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Dataset for "Effect of plain versus sugar-sweetened breakfast on energy balance and metabolic health: A randomised crossover trial"
Carroll, H. (Creator), University of Bath, 21 Jan 2020
DOI: 10.15125/BATH-00720
Dataset