TY - JOUR
T1 - Determinants of peak fat oxidation rates during cycling in healthy men and women
AU - Chrzanowski-Smith, Oliver J.
AU - Edinburgh, Robert M.
AU - Thomas, Mark P.
AU - Hengist, Aaron
AU - Williams, Sean
AU - Betts, James A.
AU - Gonzalez, Javier T.
N1 - Funding Information:
All participants are greatly thanked for graciously volunteering their time and effort to partake in the study. The authors would like to thank Andrea Rawle from the Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust for her help on the biochemical analysis of estrogen and progesterone concentrations. Thanks is also sent to Joel Thomas for his help in the study. The authors would also like to acknowledge funding provided by the University Research Studentship from the Graduate School, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Bath and the University of Bath Alumni fund. These funds were not involved in any part of the study except for financial and equipment support. Images for the study schematic (Figure 1) are also from Clker-Free-Vector-Images, Gordon Johnson, Mohamed Hassan, Peter Lomas, and essysketch from Pixabay. O.J. Chrzanowski-Smith and J.T. Gonzalez formulated the idea. O.J. Chrzanowski-Smith predominately designed the research methodology with input from R.M. Edinburgh and J.T. Gonzalez. O.J. Chrzanowski-Smith met and recruited all participants, was present on all trial days, and collected all experimental data. M.P. Thomas and R.M. Edinburgh helped collect data from the exercise tests. O.J. Chrzanowski-Smith conducted biochemical analysis on blood samples with the assistance of R.M. Edinburgh and A. Hengist. O.J. Chrzanowski-Smith conducted the statistical analysis with assistance from S. Williams and J.A. Betts. O.J. Chrzanowski-Smith wrote the manuscript and all authors interpreted, revised, and approved the manuscript. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. J.T. Gonzalez has received research funding and has acted as a consultant for Arla Foods Ingredients, Lucozade Ribena Suntory, Kennis-centrum Suiker and Voeding, and PepsiCo. J.A. Betts has received research funding and has acted as a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline, Lucozade Ribena Suntory, Kellogg’s, Nestlé, and PepsiCo.
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - This study explored lifestyle and biological determinants of peak fat oxidation (PFO) during cycle ergometry, using duplicate measures to account for day-to-day variation. Seventy-three healthy adults (age range: 19–63 years; peak oxygen consumption ½VO 2peak]: 42.4 ½10.1] ml · kg BM-1 · min-1; n = 32 women]) completed trials 7–28 days apart that assessed resting metabolic rate, a resting venous blood sample, and PFO by indirect calorimetry during an incremental cycling test. Habitual physical activity (combined heart rate accelerometer) and dietary intake (weighed record) were assessed before the first trial. Body composition was assessed 2–7 days after the second identical trial by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Multiple linear regressions were performed to identify determinants of PFO (mean of two cycle tests). A total variance of 79% in absolute PFO (g·min-1) was explained with positive coefficients for VO 2peak (strongest predictor), FATmax (i.e the % of VO 2peak that PFO occurred at), and resting fat oxidation rate (g·min-1), and negative coefficients for body fat mass (kg) and habitual physical activity level. When expressed relative to fat-free mass, 64% of variance in PFO was explained: positive coefficients for FATmax (strongest predictor), VO 2peak, and resting fat oxidation rate, and negative coefficients for male sex and fat mass. This duplicate design revealed that biological and lifestyle factors explain a large proportion of variance in PFO during incremental cycling. After accounting for day-to-day variation in PFO, VO 2peak and FATmax were strong and consistent predictors of PFO.
AB - This study explored lifestyle and biological determinants of peak fat oxidation (PFO) during cycle ergometry, using duplicate measures to account for day-to-day variation. Seventy-three healthy adults (age range: 19–63 years; peak oxygen consumption ½VO 2peak]: 42.4 ½10.1] ml · kg BM-1 · min-1; n = 32 women]) completed trials 7–28 days apart that assessed resting metabolic rate, a resting venous blood sample, and PFO by indirect calorimetry during an incremental cycling test. Habitual physical activity (combined heart rate accelerometer) and dietary intake (weighed record) were assessed before the first trial. Body composition was assessed 2–7 days after the second identical trial by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Multiple linear regressions were performed to identify determinants of PFO (mean of two cycle tests). A total variance of 79% in absolute PFO (g·min-1) was explained with positive coefficients for VO 2peak (strongest predictor), FATmax (i.e the % of VO 2peak that PFO occurred at), and resting fat oxidation rate (g·min-1), and negative coefficients for body fat mass (kg) and habitual physical activity level. When expressed relative to fat-free mass, 64% of variance in PFO was explained: positive coefficients for FATmax (strongest predictor), VO 2peak, and resting fat oxidation rate, and negative coefficients for male sex and fat mass. This duplicate design revealed that biological and lifestyle factors explain a large proportion of variance in PFO during incremental cycling. After accounting for day-to-day variation in PFO, VO 2peak and FATmax were strong and consistent predictors of PFO.
KW - Fat oxidation
KW - FAT
KW - Metabolism
KW - Substrate oxidation
KW - Variance
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105284862&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1123/IJSNEM.2020-0262
DO - 10.1123/IJSNEM.2020-0262
M3 - Article
C2 - 33588373
AN - SCOPUS:85105284862
SN - 1526-484X
VL - 31
SP - 227
EP - 235
JO - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
JF - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
IS - 3
ER -