@inbook{c2896f23c03e456ab2f1c355406066dc,
title = "Design of quaternary chalcogenide photovoltaic absorbers through cation mutation",
abstract = "Design of chalcogenide photovoltaic absorbers is carried out systematically through sequential cation mutation, from binary to ternary to quaternary compounds, using first-principles electronic structure calculations. Several universal trends are identified for two classes of quaternary chalcogenides (I(2)-II-IV-VI(4) and I-III-II(2)-VI(4) systems). For example, the lowest-energy structure always has larger lattice constant a, smaller tetragonal distortion parameter n = c/2a, and larger band gap than the metastable structures for common-row cation mutations. The band structure changes on mutation illustrate that although the band gap decreases from binary II-VI to ternary I-III-VI(2) are mostly due to the p-d repulsion in the valence band, the decreases from ternary I-III-VI(2) to quaternary I(2)-II-IV-VI(4) chalcogenides are due to the downshift in the conduction band caused by the wavefunction localization on the group IV cation site. We find that I(2)-II-IV-VI(4) compounds are more stable in the kesterite structure, whereas the widely-assumed stannite structure reported in the literature is most likely due to partial disorder in the I-II (001) layer of the kesterite phase. Ten compounds are predicted have band gaps close to the 1 to 2 eV energy window suitable for photovoltaics.",
keywords = "band offsets, augmented-wave method",
author = "Aron Walsh and Wei, {S H} and Chen, {S Y} and Gong, {X G}",
year = "2009",
doi = "10.1109/PVSC.2009.5411555",
language = "English",
isbn = "978-1-4244-2949-3",
series = "IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference",
publisher = "IEEE",
pages = "1803--1806",
booktitle = "2009 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Vols 1-3",
address = "USA United States",
}