Concentric Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (CTIDs) Triggered by the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Lei Liu; Y. Jade Morton; Pin Hsuan Cheng; Angel Amores; Corwin J. Wright; Lars Hoffmann

doi:10.1029/2022JA030656

Concentric Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (CTIDs) Triggered by the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption

Lei Liu, Y. Jade Morton, Pin Hsuan Cheng, Angel Amores, Corwin J. Wright, Lars Hoffmann

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Abstract

This paper investigates concentric traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs) associated with the Tonga volcanic eruption. Results show that: (a) two types of CTIDs (CTID #1 and CTID #2) were identified that traveled radially from Tonga at the speed of 610–880 m/s (acoustic-mode) and 300–380 m/s (Lamb-mode), respectively. CTID #1 reached 3,800 and 5,000 km away from the eruption location toward the directions of New Zealand and Australia, respectively. CTID #2 propagated persistently for ∼9 hr over New Zealand and Australia. (b) The CTID #2 wavefront changed after 08:35 UT over New Zealand, possibly due to a combination of factors including the anisotropic propagation of CTID #2, the regional geomagnetic declination, and westward-moving Lamb waves. (c) Topside total electron content (TEC) enhancement with a magnitude over two TECu was observed from COSMIC-2 measurements. The enhancement agrees with CTID #1 peak from nearby ground-based TEC observations and could be related to the upward propagation of the F layer’s CTID #1 signatures.

Original language	English
Article number	e2022JA030656
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Volume	128
Issue number	2
Early online date	13 Feb 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030656
Publication status	Published - 28 Feb 2023

Data Availability Statement

The GNSS data used in this study are available from University NAVSTAR Consortium (UNAVCO; https://data.unavco.org/archive/gnss/), Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS; https://cddis.nasa.gov/), New Zealand GeoNet (https://data.geonet.org.nz/gnss/), and Australia GNSS networks (https://gnss.ga.gov.au/network), respectively. The constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere, and climate (COSMIC)-2 podTEC measurements are available from https://data.cosmic.ucar.edu/gnss-ro/cosmic2/. The geostationary operational environmental satellite (GOES)-17 infrared radiance data are from https://home.chpc.utah.edu/∼u0553130/Brian_Blaylock/cgi-bin/goes16_download.cgi. The Advanced Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard NASA’s Aqua satellite brightness temperature perturbation data are from https://datapub.fz-juelich.de/slcs/airs/gravity_waves/data/projects/tonga/.

Funding

This project is sponsored by NASA Grant 80NSSC21K1156. C. J. Wright is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (UF160545 and URF\R\221023) and NERC Grant NE/S00985X/1. The authors are grateful for the constructive comments provided by the anonymous reviewers and for the useful discussion with Dr Ercha Aa and Dr Weijia Zhan in revising the manuscript.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1029/2022JA030656

CTID Tonga (accepted author manuscript)Accepted author manuscript, 2.02 MB

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abstract = "This paper investigates concentric traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs) associated with the Tonga volcanic eruption. Results show that: (a) two types of CTIDs (CTID #1 and CTID #2) were identified that traveled radially from Tonga at the speed of 610–880 m/s (acoustic-mode) and 300–380 m/s (Lamb-mode), respectively. CTID #1 reached 3,800 and 5,000 km away from the eruption location toward the directions of New Zealand and Australia, respectively. CTID #2 propagated persistently for ∼9 hr over New Zealand and Australia. (b) The CTID #2 wavefront changed after 08:35 UT over New Zealand, possibly due to a combination of factors including the anisotropic propagation of CTID #2, the regional geomagnetic declination, and westward-moving Lamb waves. (c) Topside total electron content (TEC) enhancement with a magnitude over two TECu was observed from COSMIC-2 measurements. The enhancement agrees with CTID #1 peak from nearby ground-based TEC observations and could be related to the upward propagation of the F layer{\textquoteright}s CTID #1 signatures.",

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Concentric Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (CTIDs) Triggered by the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption

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Planetary and Gravity Waves as Drivers of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings

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Concentric Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (CTIDs) Triggered by the 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption

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Data Availability Statement

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Planetary and Gravity Waves as Drivers of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings

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