10 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) strain analysis is well established for high crystalline materials such as metals and ceramics, however, previously it has not been used in Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites due to their complex turbostratic atomic structure. This paper will present the feasibility of using SXRD for fibre orientation and lattice strain mapping inside CFRPs. In particular, it is the first time that the radial {002} and axial {100} strains of carbon fibre crystal planes have been analysed and cross-validated via numerical multi-scale simulation in a two-scale manner. In order to simplify the analysis and provide comparable estimates, an UniDirectional (UD) CFRP formed into a well-established humpback bridge shape was used. The lattice strain estimates obtained from SXRD showed localised stress concentrations and effectively matched the numerical results obtained by modelling. The mean absolute percentage differences between the two were 25.8% and 28.5% in the radial and axial directions, respectively. Differences between the two measurements are believed to originate from the non-uniform thermal history, forming geometry and tool-part interaction which leads to localised residual strains in the laminate which are unable to be fully captured by the numerical simulation performed. The carbon fibre microstructures of the inner plies adjacent to the tool were found to be significantly influenced by these factors and therefore the largest errors were observed at these locations. The approach presented has significant promise and implications for research into the micromechanics of composite materials and areas for future improvement have been outlined.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)347-360
Number of pages14
JournalCarbon
Volume200
Early online date2 Sept 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 5 Nov 2022

Bibliographical note

This work was supported by the UKRI - Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Grant ‘Certification for Design - Reshaping the Testing Pyramid’ EP/S017038/1. Richard Butler holds the Royal Academy of Engineering - GKN Aerospace Research Chair. Jiraphant Srisuriyachot is funded by this chair. Diamond Light Source is acknowledged for providing the beamtime on B16 beamline under the experiment number MM23372-1.

Funding

This work was supported by the UKRI - Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Grant ‘Certification for Design - Reshaping the Testing Pyramid’ EP/S017038/1. Richard Butler holds the Royal Academy of Engineering - GKN Aerospace Research Chair. Jiraphant Srisuriyachot is funded by this chair. Diamond Light Source is acknowledged for providing the beamtime on B16 beamline under the experiment number MM23372-1.

Keywords

  • Carbon fibre reinforced polymers
  • Fiber orientation
  • Lattice strain mapping
  • Microstructural characterisation
  • X-ray diffraction

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • General Materials Science

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