Assessment of carbon efficiency for power sector with consideration of network constrains

Decarbonizing the power sector is vital for the UK's transition to a low-carbon economy. It is recognized that the potential of demand-side intervention is increasingly important to ensure future security of electricity supply and to reduce cost and carbon emissions. Carbon Emission Factors are therefore needed to evaluate environmental benefits of demand response and grasp the impact of demand-side measures. This paper analysis released approaches of assessing Average Emission Factor and Marginal Emission Factor to outline their key drawbacks. The commonly used fuel-cost-based MEF are evaluated in the test system with different locations and two reductions of the demand to see the possible overestimation or underestimation of the cost-based MEF when considering network congestion.