Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing

Mac Geoffrey Obinna Ajaereh; Olivia J. Cook; Haley N. Jones; Nathan Kizer; Lauren Katch; Christopher S. Wheatley; Christopher Vagg; Charles Courtney; Christopher M. Kube; Andrea P. Argüelles; Mac Geoffrey Obinna Ajaereh

doi:10.1121/2.0001950

Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing

Mac Geoffrey Obinna Ajaereh, Olivia J. Cook, Haley N. Jones, Nathan Kizer, Lauren Katch, Christopher S. Wheatley, Christopher Vagg, Charles Courtney, Christopher M. Kube, Andrea P. Argüelles, Mac Geoffrey Obinna Ajaereh

Pennsylvania State University

Research output: Chapter or section in a book/report/conference proceeding › Chapter in a published conference proceeding

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Abstract

Enhancing the performance, safety and reliability of battery management systems is crucial for advancing the state of the art in battery electric vehicles. Current research explores the potential of ultrasound to monitor state of charge (SoC) changes in individual cells. Understanding spatial variations in SoC is essential, as non-uniformities could lead to sub-optimal performance, premature ageing, and possible safety risks. This study uses ultrasound immersion C-scans to map wave speed and attenuation at different SoC levels during battery cycling. Results indicate non-uniform wave speed and attenuation suggestive of SoC spatial variations within single cells, emphasising the importance of addressing this issue. Acoustic measurements under various C-rates and relaxation periods are discussed, providing insights into lithium-ion rearrangement in graphite particles. Potential causes of structure and manufacturing variations of the cell are discussed, highlighting the need to address these issues to prevent overcharging or overdischarging in specific battery areas.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics
Place of Publication	Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Publisher	Acoustical Society of America
Pages	1-13
Number of pages	13
Volume	54
Edition	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001950 https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001950
Publication status	Published - 13 Sept 2024
Event	186th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and the Canadian Acoustical Association - Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Duration: 13 May 2024 → 17 May 2024

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics
Publisher	Acoustical Society of America
ISSN (Print)	1939-800X

Conference

Conference	186th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and the Canadian Acoustical Association
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Ontario
Period	13/05/24 → 17/05/24

Acknowledgements

The author would like to extend gratitude to the Argüelles Research Group from the Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics at Pennsylvania State University for hosting this study and providing the necessary equipment, expertise, and resources. Special thanks are directed to Dr Charles Courtney and Dr Christopher Vagg from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Bath for their invaluable guidance and support throughout this study. Deep appreciation is also extended to the Kube Lab of the Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics at Pennsylvania State University for their collaboration in this research. Furthermore, the author acknowledges the generous grants and funding from the UKRI EPSRC Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems Centre for Doctoral Training (AAPS CDT), the University of Bath, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE), the Acoustical Society of America (ASA), and the National Council of Acoustical Consultants (NCAC).

Funding

- ESPRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems (AAPS CDT) - Santander Mobility, University of Bath - Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) - Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) - National Council of Acoustical Consultants (NCAC) - Acoustical Society of America (ASA)

Keywords

Ultrasound
Acoustics
Electric vehicles
Batteries

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

Physical Acoustics: Paper 3aPAb8Final published version, 3.46 MB

Cite this

Ajaereh, M. G. O., Cook, O. J., Jones, H. N., Kizer, N., Katch, L., Wheatley, C. S., Vagg, C., Courtney, C., Kube, C. M., Argüelles, A. P., & Ajaereh, M. G. O. (2024). Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing. In Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics (1 ed., Vol. 54, pp. 1-13). Article 3aPAb8 (Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics). Acoustical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001950, https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001950

Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing. / Ajaereh, Mac Geoffrey Obinna; Cook, Olivia J.; Jones, Haley N. et al.
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics. Vol. 54 1. ed. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Acoustical Society of America, 2024. p. 1-13 3aPAb8 (Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics).

Research output: Chapter or section in a book/report/conference proceeding › Chapter in a published conference proceeding

Ajaereh, MGO, Cook, OJ, Jones, HN, Kizer, N, Katch, L, Wheatley, CS, Vagg, C , Courtney, C, Kube, CM, Argüelles, AP & Ajaereh, MGO 2024, Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing. in Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics. 1 edn, vol. 54, 3aPAb8, Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, Acoustical Society of America, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, pp. 1-13, 186th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and the Canadian Acoustical Association, Ontario, Canada, 13/05/24. https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001950, https://doi.org/10.1121/2.0001950

Ajaereh MGO, Cook OJ, Jones HN, Kizer N, Katch L, Wheatley CS et al. Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing. In Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics. 1 ed. Vol. 54. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Acoustical Society of America. 2024. p. 1-13. 3aPAb8. (Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics). doi: 10.1121/2.0001950, 10.1121/2.0001950

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Assessing spatial non-uniformities in lithium-ion battery state of charge using ultrasound immersion testing

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Acknowledgements

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Cite this