Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials

Shishir Mundra; Gabriel Samson; Giulia Masi; Rebecca Achenbach; David M. Bastidas; Susan A. Bernal; Maria C. Bignozzi; Maria Criado; Martin Cyr; Nina Gartner; Stefanie von Greve‐Dierfeld; Andraž Legat; Ali Nikoonasab; John L. Provis; Michael Raupach; Gregor J. G. Gluth

doi:10.1002/maco.202313743

Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials

Shishir Mundra, Gabriel Samson, Giulia Masi, Rebecca Achenbach, David M. Bastidas, Susan A. Bernal, Maria C. Bignozzi, Maria Criado, Martin Cyr, Nina Gartner, Stefanie von Greve‐Dierfeld, Andraž Legat, Ali Nikoonasab, John L. Provis, Michael Raupach, Gregor J. G. Gluth

Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are binders that can complement and partially substitute the current use of conventional cement. However, the present knowledge about how AAMs protect steel reinforcement in concrete elements is incomplete, and uncertainties exist regarding the application of electrochemical methods to investigate this issue. The present review by EFC WP11-Task Force ‘Corrosion of steel in alkali-activated materials’ demonstrates that important differences exist between AAMs and Portland cement, and between different classes of AAMs, which are mainly caused by differing pore solution compositions, and which affect the outcomes of electrochemical measurements. The high sulfide concentrations in blast furnace slag-based AAMs lead to distinct anodic polarisation curves, unusually low open circuit potentials, and low polarisation resistances, which might be incorrectly interpreted as indicating active corrosion of steel reinforcement. No systematic study of the influence of the steel–concrete interface on the susceptibility of steel to corrosion in AAMs is available. Less common electrochemical methods present an opportunity for future progress in the field.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	988-1008
Journal	Materials and Corrosion
Volume	74
Issue number	7
Early online date	3 Jul 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202313743
Publication status	Published - 3 Jul 2023

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created in this study.

Acknowledgements

The participation of all members of the EFC Working Party 11-Task Force ‘Corrosion of steel in alkali-activated materials’ in meetings and discussions is greatly appreciated.

Funding

Participation of Shishir Mundra was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P2_194812), and Susan A. Bernal was sponsored by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) via the Early Career Fellowship EP/R001642/1. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

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Mundra, S., Samson, G., Masi, G., Achenbach, R., Bastidas, D. M., Bernal, S. A., Bignozzi, M. C., Criado, M., Cyr, M., Gartner, N., von Greve‐Dierfeld, S., Legat, A., Nikoonasab, A., Provis, J. L., Raupach, M., & Gluth, G. J. G. (2023). Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials. Materials and Corrosion, 74(7), 988-1008. https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202313743

Mundra, S, Samson, G, Masi, G, Achenbach, R, Bastidas, DM, Bernal, SA, Bignozzi, MC, Criado, M, Cyr, M, Gartner, N, von Greve‐Dierfeld, S, Legat, A, Nikoonasab, A, Provis, JL, Raupach, M & Gluth, GJG 2023, 'Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials', Materials and Corrosion, vol. 74, no. 7, pp. 988-1008. https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.202313743

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abstract = "Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are binders that can complement and partially substitute the current use of conventional cement. However, the present knowledge about how AAMs protect steel reinforcement in concrete elements is incomplete, and uncertainties exist regarding the application of electrochemical methods to investigate this issue. The present review by EFC WP11-Task Force {\textquoteleft}Corrosion of steel in alkali-activated materials{\textquoteright} demonstrates that important differences exist between AAMs and Portland cement, and between different classes of AAMs, which are mainly caused by differing pore solution compositions, and which affect the outcomes of electrochemical measurements. The high sulfide concentrations in blast furnace slag-based AAMs lead to distinct anodic polarisation curves, unusually low open circuit potentials, and low polarisation resistances, which might be incorrectly interpreted as indicating active corrosion of steel reinforcement. No systematic study of the influence of the steel–concrete interface on the susceptibility of steel to corrosion in AAMs is available. Less common electrochemical methods present an opportunity for future progress in the field.",

author = "Shishir Mundra and Gabriel Samson and Giulia Masi and Rebecca Achenbach and Bastidas, {David M.} and Bernal, {Susan A.} and Bignozzi, {Maria C.} and Maria Criado and Martin Cyr and Nina Gartner and {von Greve‐Dierfeld}, Stefanie and Andra{\v z} Legat and Ali Nikoonasab and Provis, {John L.} and Michael Raupach and Gluth, {Gregor J. G.}",

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AB - Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are binders that can complement and partially substitute the current use of conventional cement. However, the present knowledge about how AAMs protect steel reinforcement in concrete elements is incomplete, and uncertainties exist regarding the application of electrochemical methods to investigate this issue. The present review by EFC WP11-Task Force ‘Corrosion of steel in alkali-activated materials’ demonstrates that important differences exist between AAMs and Portland cement, and between different classes of AAMs, which are mainly caused by differing pore solution compositions, and which affect the outcomes of electrochemical measurements. The high sulfide concentrations in blast furnace slag-based AAMs lead to distinct anodic polarisation curves, unusually low open circuit potentials, and low polarisation resistances, which might be incorrectly interpreted as indicating active corrosion of steel reinforcement. No systematic study of the influence of the steel–concrete interface on the susceptibility of steel to corrosion in AAMs is available. Less common electrochemical methods present an opportunity for future progress in the field.

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Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials

Abstract

Data Availability Statement

Acknowledgements

Funding

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