An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud’s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey)

Francesca Ingegnoli; Nicola Ughi; Graham Dinsdale; Annalisa Orenti; Patrizia Boracchi; Yannick Allanore; Ivan Foeldvari; Alberto Sulli; Maurizio Cutolo; Vanessa Smith; Ariane L. Herrick; Adrian Hij; Alberto Sulli; Alejandro Nitsche; Alessandra Vacca; Alexandra Balbir-Gurman; Amina Abdessemed; Angelica Vargas; Antonia Valenzuela; Ashima Makol; Asta Baranauskaite; Beata Derfalvi; Belén Serrano Benavente; Betul Sozeri; Blanca E. Bica; Bojana Stamenkovic; Carina Mihai; Carlo Chizzolini; Carlos Abud Mendoza; Carlos de la Puente; Carlos von Muhlen; Chiara Bertolazzi; Clare Pain; Claudia Ickinger; Codrina Ancuta; Cord Sunderkotter; Cristiane Kayser; Daniel B. De Araujo; David Launay; Dinesh Khanna; Dorota Krasowska; Douglas Veale; Dušanka M. Kaliterna; Edoardo Rosato; Ellen de Langhe; Eric Hachulla; Esperanza Naredo; Esthela Loyo; Everardo Alvarez Hernández; John Pauling; On behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in RheumaticDiseases

doi:10.1007/s00296-017-3808-0

An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud’s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey)

Francesca Ingegnoli, Nicola Ughi, Graham Dinsdale, Annalisa Orenti, Patrizia Boracchi, Yannick Allanore, Ivan Foeldvari, Alberto Sulli, Maurizio Cutolo, Vanessa Smith, Ariane L. Herrick, Adrian Hij, Alberto Sulli, Alejandro Nitsche, Alessandra Vacca, Alexandra Balbir-Gurman, Amina Abdessemed, Angelica Vargas, Antonia Valenzuela, Ashima MakolAsta Baranauskaite, Beata Derfalvi, Belén Serrano Benavente, Betul Sozeri, Blanca E. Bica, Bojana Stamenkovic, Carina Mihai, Carlo Chizzolini, Carlos Abud Mendoza, Carlos de la Puente, Carlos von Muhlen, Chiara Bertolazzi, Clare Pain, Claudia Ickinger, Codrina Ancuta, Cord Sunderkotter, Cristiane Kayser, Daniel B. De Araujo, David Launay, Dinesh Khanna, Dorota Krasowska, Douglas Veale, Dušanka M. Kaliterna, Edoardo Rosato, Ellen de Langhe, Eric Hachulla, Esperanza Naredo, Esthela Loyo, Everardo Alvarez Hernández, John Pauling, On behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in RheumaticDiseases

Department of Life Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

To canvas opinion concerning the role of non-invasive techniques in the assessment of patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon (Rp) in clinical and research settings: four nailfold capillaroscopy methods [videocapillaroscopy (NVC), dermoscopy, stereomicroscopy, digital USB microscopy], four laser Doppler methods (laser Doppler flowmetry, imaging, anemometry/velocimetry, laser speckle contrast analysis), thermographic imaging, and upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound. Emails with a link to the survey were sent to physicians from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR), the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases (SG_MC/RD) and members of the pediatric rheumatology Email board. The main descriptive analysis related to physicians looking after adult patients, with some analysis also of opinions from paediatric rheumatologists. 106 ‘adult physicians’ responded (a response rate of 25.8%), of whom 68.9% were European, and 81.1% practising for more than 10 years. Nineteen paediatricians responded. The most widely available technique was NVC (72.7%). Nailfold capillaroscopy was most frequently performed by the physician him/herself, using different types of equipment relating to availability. Most rheumatologists reported high levels of appropriateness for NVC in both clinical and research settings for global assessment and differential diagnosis of Rp. Other techniques were less used. Of all the different techniques, nailfold capillaroscopy was the one most used in both clinical and research settings by adult physicians, the majority of whom use NVC in their everyday practice. The low proportion of clinicians using other techniques suggests that these are currently mainly research tools, available only in specialist centres.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1879-1890
Number of pages	12
Journal	Rheumatology International
Volume	37
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-017-3808-0
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2017

Funding

Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Poli-clinico di Milano, Milan, Italy; Chiara Bertolazzi, Rheumatology department, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico; Blanca E Bica, Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Francesco Boin, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Yolanda Braun-Mosco-vici, The B. Shine Rheumatology Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel; Paola Caramaschi, Rheumatology Unit, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Carlo Chizzolini, Immunollogy & Allergy, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Rolando Cimaz, Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology Unit, Anna Meyer Children’s Hospital and University of Florence, Italy; Jean-Luc Cracowski, Université Grenoble-Alpes, HP2, Grenoble, France; Megan Curran, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA; Thomas Daikeler, Rheumatology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Rossella De Angelis, Rheumatology Department, Polytechnic University of the Marche, Jesi, Italy; Daniel B De Araujo, Rheumatology Department, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Carlos De la Puente, Servicio de Reuma-tología, Hospital Ramon Y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Beata Derfalvi, Dal-housie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Canada; Oliver Distler, Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Hristo Dobrev, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Rucsandra Dobrota, Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Ellen De Langhe, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Eric Hachulla, Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes, Hôpital Claude Huriez CHRU, Lille, France; Nihal Fathi, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt; Hilda Fragoso Loyo, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Insti-tuto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México; Tracy Frech, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA; Paloma García de la Peña Lefebvre, Servicio de Reumatología, Hospitales Universitarios Grupo Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Serena Guiducci, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Marwin Gutierrez, Division of Musculoskeletal Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Rehabili-tación, Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico; Paul Hasler, Department of Rheumatology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland; Walter Hermann, Internal Medicine & Rheumatology Department, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Gabriela Hernandez Molina, Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico; Roger Hesselstrand, Rheumatology Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Adrian Hij, Département de Médecine Interne et Pathologie Vasculaire, Hôpi-tal Saint Louis, Université Paris 7, APHP, Paris, France.; Markus Hufnagel, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Michael Hughes, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Claudia Ickinger, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Murat Inanç, Internal Medicine Department, Division of Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Rosaria Irace, Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Iustina Janta, Rheumatology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Cristiane Kayser, Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Kariem Khan Ajaz, Khyber Medical Institute Srinagar, India; Dinesh Khanna, Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Dorota Krasowska, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland; Satoshi Kubo, The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan; Laura Lewandowski, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Francisco J Longo, Servicio de Reuma-tología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain. Sevdalina Lambova, Department of Propedeutics in Internal Medicine, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; David Launay, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille University, Lille, France; Rodrigo Lima, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brasil; Esthela Loyo, Ser-vicio de Reumatología e Inmunología Clinica HRUJMCB, Jefe de Servicio, Santiago, Rep. Dominicana; Ulf Müller Ladner, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Ashima Makol, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, USA; Marta N Mamani, Servicio de Reu-matología, Hospital Bernardino Rivadavia, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dušanka M Kaliterna, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Center of Split, Split, Croatia; Małgorzata Michalska Jakubus, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Pediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; Carina Mihai, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Marcin Milchert, Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine of Pomeranian Medical University, Szczec, Poland; Tünde Minier, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Maria J Molina, Rheumatology Department, Hospital Central de San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Fontes Maria F Moraes, Unidade de Doenças Auto-imunes, Hospital Curry Cabral, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal; Gianluca Moroncini, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche & Clinica Medica, Ospedali Riu-niti Ancona, Ancona, Italy; Esperanza Naredo, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Nieto-Gonzàlez Juan Carlos Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Alejandro Nitsche, Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Predrag Ostojic, Institute of Rheumatology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Clare Pain, Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; Pamuk N Ömer, Division of Rheumatology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey; John Pauling, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; Sarah Payne-Poff, Greenville Health Systems Pediatric Rheumatology, Greenville, USA; Mykolas Petraitis, Hospital of Lithuanian, University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania; Ross Petty, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Serghei Popa, Department of Rheumatology, Republican Clinical Hospital, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova; Mariusz Puszczewicz, Department of Rheumatology and Internal Disease, University of medical Sciences,Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznan, Poland; Valeria Riccieri, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy; GabrielaRiemekasten, Clinic for Rheumatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Simona Rednic, Department of Rheumatology, Clinical County Emergency Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Reyna S Tatiana Rodríguez, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico; Katarzyna Romanowska Próchnicka, Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland; Edoardo Rosato, Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Immunology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Kelly Rouster Stevens, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory

Keywords

Anemometry/velocimetry
Connective tissue disease
Dermoscopy
Laser Doppler flowmetry
Laser Doppler imaging
Laser speckle contrast analysis
Nailfold capillaroscopy
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Systemic sclerosis
Thermographic imaging
Upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound
Videocapillaroscopy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Rheumatology
Immunology and Allergy
Immunology

Access to Document

10.1007/s00296-017-3808-0

Cite this

Ingegnoli, F., Ughi, N., Dinsdale, G., Orenti, A., Boracchi, P., Allanore, Y., Foeldvari, I., Sulli, A., Cutolo, M., Smith, V., Herrick, A. L., Hij, A., Sulli, A., Nitsche, A., Vacca, A., Balbir-Gurman, A., Abdessemed, A., Vargas, A., Valenzuela, A., ... On behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in RheumaticDiseases (2017). An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud’s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey). Rheumatology International, 37(11), 1879-1890. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-017-3808-0

Ingegnoli, F, Ughi, N, Dinsdale, G, Orenti, A, Boracchi, P, Allanore, Y, Foeldvari, I, Sulli, A, Cutolo, M, Smith, V, Herrick, AL, Hij, A, Sulli, A, Nitsche, A, Vacca, A, Balbir-Gurman, A, Abdessemed, A, Vargas, A, Valenzuela, A, Makol, A, Baranauskaite, A, Derfalvi, B, Serrano Benavente, B, Sozeri, B, Bica, BE, Stamenkovic, B, Mihai, C, Chizzolini, C, Abud Mendoza, C, de la Puente, C, von Muhlen, C, Bertolazzi, C, Pain, C, Ickinger, C, Ancuta, C, Sunderkotter, C, Kayser, C, De Araujo, DB, Launay, D, Khanna, D, Krasowska, D, Veale, D, Kaliterna, DM, Rosato, E, de Langhe, E, Hachulla, E, Naredo, E, Loyo, E, Alvarez Hernández, E, Pauling, J & On behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in RheumaticDiseases 2017, 'An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud’s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey)', Rheumatology International, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1879-1890. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-017-3808-0

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title = "An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud{\textquoteright}s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey)",

abstract = "To canvas opinion concerning the role of non-invasive techniques in the assessment of patients with Raynaud{\textquoteright}s phenomenon (Rp) in clinical and research settings: four nailfold capillaroscopy methods [videocapillaroscopy (NVC), dermoscopy, stereomicroscopy, digital USB microscopy], four laser Doppler methods (laser Doppler flowmetry, imaging, anemometry/velocimetry, laser speckle contrast analysis), thermographic imaging, and upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound. Emails with a link to the survey were sent to physicians from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR), the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases (SG_MC/RD) and members of the pediatric rheumatology Email board. The main descriptive analysis related to physicians looking after adult patients, with some analysis also of opinions from paediatric rheumatologists. 106 {\textquoteleft}adult physicians{\textquoteright} responded (a response rate of 25.8%), of whom 68.9% were European, and 81.1% practising for more than 10 years. Nineteen paediatricians responded. The most widely available technique was NVC (72.7%). Nailfold capillaroscopy was most frequently performed by the physician him/herself, using different types of equipment relating to availability. Most rheumatologists reported high levels of appropriateness for NVC in both clinical and research settings for global assessment and differential diagnosis of Rp. Other techniques were less used. Of all the different techniques, nailfold capillaroscopy was the one most used in both clinical and research settings by adult physicians, the majority of whom use NVC in their everyday practice. The low proportion of clinicians using other techniques suggests that these are currently mainly research tools, available only in specialist centres.",

keywords = "Anemometry/velocimetry, Connective tissue disease, Dermoscopy, Laser Doppler flowmetry, Laser Doppler imaging, Laser speckle contrast analysis, Nailfold capillaroscopy, Raynaud{\textquoteright}s phenomenon, Systemic sclerosis, Thermographic imaging, Upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound, Videocapillaroscopy",

author = "Francesca Ingegnoli and Nicola Ughi and Graham Dinsdale and Annalisa Orenti and Patrizia Boracchi and Yannick Allanore and Ivan Foeldvari and Alberto Sulli and Maurizio Cutolo and Vanessa Smith and Herrick, {Ariane L.} and Adrian Hij and Alberto Sulli and Alejandro Nitsche and Alessandra Vacca and Alexandra Balbir-Gurman and Amina Abdessemed and Angelica Vargas and Antonia Valenzuela and Ashima Makol and Asta Baranauskaite and Beata Derfalvi and {Serrano Benavente}, Bel{\'e}n and Betul Sozeri and Bica, {Blanca E.} and Bojana Stamenkovic and Carina Mihai and Carlo Chizzolini and {Abud Mendoza}, Carlos and {de la Puente}, Carlos and {von Muhlen}, Carlos and Chiara Bertolazzi and Clare Pain and Claudia Ickinger and Codrina Ancuta and Cord Sunderkotter and Cristiane Kayser and {De Araujo}, {Daniel B.} and David Launay and Dinesh Khanna and Dorota Krasowska and Douglas Veale and Kaliterna, {Du{\v s}anka M.} and Edoardo Rosato and {de Langhe}, Ellen and Eric Hachulla and Esperanza Naredo and Esthela Loyo and {Alvarez Hern{\'a}ndez}, Everardo and John Pauling and {On behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in RheumaticDiseases}",

year = "2017",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1007/s00296-017-3808-0",

language = "English",

volume = "37",

pages = "1879--1890",

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AU - Ingegnoli, Francesca

AU - Ughi, Nicola

AU - Dinsdale, Graham

AU - Orenti, Annalisa

AU - Boracchi, Patrizia

AU - Allanore, Yannick

AU - Foeldvari, Ivan

AU - Sulli, Alberto

AU - Cutolo, Maurizio

AU - Smith, Vanessa

AU - Herrick, Ariane L.

AU - Hij, Adrian

AU - Sulli, Alberto

AU - Nitsche, Alejandro

AU - Vacca, Alessandra

AU - Balbir-Gurman, Alexandra

AU - Abdessemed, Amina

AU - Vargas, Angelica

AU - Valenzuela, Antonia

AU - Makol, Ashima

AU - Baranauskaite, Asta

AU - Derfalvi, Beata

AU - Serrano Benavente, Belén

AU - Sozeri, Betul

AU - Bica, Blanca E.

AU - Stamenkovic, Bojana

AU - Mihai, Carina

AU - Chizzolini, Carlo

AU - Abud Mendoza, Carlos

AU - de la Puente, Carlos

AU - von Muhlen, Carlos

AU - Bertolazzi, Chiara

AU - Pain, Clare

AU - Ickinger, Claudia

AU - Ancuta, Codrina

AU - Sunderkotter, Cord

AU - Kayser, Cristiane

AU - De Araujo, Daniel B.

AU - Launay, David

AU - Khanna, Dinesh

AU - Krasowska, Dorota

AU - Veale, Douglas

AU - Kaliterna, Dušanka M.

AU - Rosato, Edoardo

AU - de Langhe, Ellen

AU - Hachulla, Eric

AU - Naredo, Esperanza

AU - Loyo, Esthela

AU - Alvarez Hernández, Everardo

AU - Pauling, John

AU - On behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in RheumaticDiseases

PY - 2017/11/1

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N2 - To canvas opinion concerning the role of non-invasive techniques in the assessment of patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon (Rp) in clinical and research settings: four nailfold capillaroscopy methods [videocapillaroscopy (NVC), dermoscopy, stereomicroscopy, digital USB microscopy], four laser Doppler methods (laser Doppler flowmetry, imaging, anemometry/velocimetry, laser speckle contrast analysis), thermographic imaging, and upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound. Emails with a link to the survey were sent to physicians from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR), the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases (SG_MC/RD) and members of the pediatric rheumatology Email board. The main descriptive analysis related to physicians looking after adult patients, with some analysis also of opinions from paediatric rheumatologists. 106 ‘adult physicians’ responded (a response rate of 25.8%), of whom 68.9% were European, and 81.1% practising for more than 10 years. Nineteen paediatricians responded. The most widely available technique was NVC (72.7%). Nailfold capillaroscopy was most frequently performed by the physician him/herself, using different types of equipment relating to availability. Most rheumatologists reported high levels of appropriateness for NVC in both clinical and research settings for global assessment and differential diagnosis of Rp. Other techniques were less used. Of all the different techniques, nailfold capillaroscopy was the one most used in both clinical and research settings by adult physicians, the majority of whom use NVC in their everyday practice. The low proportion of clinicians using other techniques suggests that these are currently mainly research tools, available only in specialist centres.

AB - To canvas opinion concerning the role of non-invasive techniques in the assessment of patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon (Rp) in clinical and research settings: four nailfold capillaroscopy methods [videocapillaroscopy (NVC), dermoscopy, stereomicroscopy, digital USB microscopy], four laser Doppler methods (laser Doppler flowmetry, imaging, anemometry/velocimetry, laser speckle contrast analysis), thermographic imaging, and upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound. Emails with a link to the survey were sent to physicians from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR), the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases (SG_MC/RD) and members of the pediatric rheumatology Email board. The main descriptive analysis related to physicians looking after adult patients, with some analysis also of opinions from paediatric rheumatologists. 106 ‘adult physicians’ responded (a response rate of 25.8%), of whom 68.9% were European, and 81.1% practising for more than 10 years. Nineteen paediatricians responded. The most widely available technique was NVC (72.7%). Nailfold capillaroscopy was most frequently performed by the physician him/herself, using different types of equipment relating to availability. Most rheumatologists reported high levels of appropriateness for NVC in both clinical and research settings for global assessment and differential diagnosis of Rp. Other techniques were less used. Of all the different techniques, nailfold capillaroscopy was the one most used in both clinical and research settings by adult physicians, the majority of whom use NVC in their everyday practice. The low proportion of clinicians using other techniques suggests that these are currently mainly research tools, available only in specialist centres.

KW - Anemometry/velocimetry

KW - Connective tissue disease

KW - Dermoscopy

KW - Laser Doppler flowmetry

KW - Laser Doppler imaging

KW - Laser speckle contrast analysis

KW - Nailfold capillaroscopy

KW - Raynaud’s phenomenon

KW - Systemic sclerosis

KW - Thermographic imaging

KW - Upper limb arterial Doppler ultrasound

KW - Videocapillaroscopy

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An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud’s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey)

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