Abstract
We define a fragmentation process which involves rectangles breaking up into progressively smaller pieces at rates that depend on their shape. Long, thin rectangles are more likely to break quickly, whereas squares break more slowly. Each rectangle is also more likely to split along its longest side. We are interested in how the system evolves over time: how many fragments are there of different shapes and sizes, and how did they reach that state? Using a standard transformation this fragmentation process with shape-dependent rates is equivalent to a two-dimensional branching random walk in continuous time in which the branching rate and the direction of each jump depend on the particles' position. Our main theorem gives an almost sure growth rate along paths for the number of particles in the branching random walk, which in turn gives the number of fragments with a fixed shape as the solution to an optimisation problem. This is a result of interest in the context of spatial branching systems and provides an example of a multitype branching process with a continuum of types.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 163-266 |
| Number of pages | 104 |
| Journal | Probability Theory and Related Fields |
| Volume | 192 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Early online date | 18 Oct 2024 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 30 Jun 2025 |
Bibliographical note
Included a Rights Retention statement in the submission.Data Availability Statement
No data were created during the study.Funding
AC was supported by EPSRC grant EP/R005249/1. MR was supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship URFR211038. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council | EP/R005249/1 |
| Royal Society | URFR211038 |
Keywords
- Branching random walk
- Fragmentation
- Growth rate
- Multitype
- Primary 60J80
- Secondary 60J25
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Analysis
- Statistics and Probability
- Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
