A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing

Tongtong Zhang; Farid Manshaii; Chris R. Bowen; Maoyi Zhang; Weiqi Qian; Chaosheng Hu; Yanan Bai; Zhijie Huang; Ya Yang; Jun Chen

doi:10.1126/sciadv.ads2297

A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing

Tongtong Zhang
, Farid Manshaii
, Chris R. Bowen
, Maoyi Zhang
, Weiqi Qian
, Chaosheng Hu
, Yanan Bai
, Zhijie Huang
, Ya Yang
, Jun Chen

Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of California
University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

54 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

The keyboard, a staple tool for information entry and human-machine interaction, faces demands for enhanced information security due to evolving internet technologies. This study introduces a self-powered flexible intelligent keyboard (SFIK) that harnesses the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert the mechanical pressure from key presses into electrical signals. The sensor boasts a wide sensing range (35 to 600 kPa) and a rapid response time (~300 ms), allowing it to record and recognize individual keystroke dynamics. Integrated with machine learning, this keyboard enables identity authentication through both fixed- and dynamic-text inputs. It accurately authenticates fixed passwords of eight characters with a 95.3% success rate and dynamic text from 14 sets of double keys with 100% accuracy. Given its capabilities, the SFIK offers promising applications in artificial intelligence, network security, and access control for computers and networks.

Original language	English
Article number	eads2297
Journal	Science Advances
Volume	11
Issue number	11
Early online date	14 Mar 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ads2297
Publication status	Published - 14 Mar 2025

Data Availability Statement

All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials.

Funding

Y.Y. acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 52072041), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant no. JQ21007), and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. Y8540XX2D2). J.C. acknowledges the Henry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied Science and the Department of Bioengineering at the University of California, Los Angeles for their startup support. J.C. also acknowledges the Vernroy Makoto Watanabe Excellence in Research Award at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

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10.1126/sciadv.ads2297Licence: CC BY-NC

Cite this

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abstract = "The keyboard, a staple tool for information entry and human-machine interaction, faces demands for enhanced information security due to evolving internet technologies. This study introduces a self-powered flexible intelligent keyboard (SFIK) that harnesses the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert the mechanical pressure from key presses into electrical signals. The sensor boasts a wide sensing range (35 to 600 kPa) and a rapid response time (\textasciitilde{}300 ms), allowing it to record and recognize individual keystroke dynamics. Integrated with machine learning, this keyboard enables identity authentication through both fixed- and dynamic-text inputs. It accurately authenticates fixed passwords of eight characters with a 95.3\% success rate and dynamic text from 14 sets of double keys with 100\% accuracy. Given its capabilities, the SFIK offers promising applications in artificial intelligence, network security, and access control for computers and networks.",

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A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing

Abstract

Data Availability Statement

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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